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What happened in Spain's high speed train crash?

The train derailment and collision that occurred in southern Spain on Sunday killed 39 people, and injured 122 others. Officials emphasized the "tremendously bizarre" nature of the accident which took place along a straight section of rail.

What we know about the situation so far is:

The accident occurred at 7:45 pm (1845 GMT) in the province Cordoba about 360 km (225 miles) south of Madrid.

The two trains were operated by two different private companies, Iryo and Alvia. Both are run by Spain's national railway company, Renfe.

The two last carriages from the eight-car trademark-red Iryo train travelling from Malaga, Spain to Madrid, derailed and collided with the Alvia. This caused the Alvia's two first carriages to fall and derail down a five-metre (16.4 feet) embankment.

What Officials Are Saying According to Renfe Chief Alvaro Fernandez Heredia who said that human error is virtually eliminated, there was only a 20 second interval between the derailment of the train and the impact.

He said that it would take some time to determine whether the failure was in the infrastructure or rolling stock.

Officials stated that the Alvia appeared to have hit derailed carriages of the Iryo or the undercarriage debris. Renfe's chief confirmed that the 27-year old driver of the Alvia died in the accident.

Iryo was carrying 300 passengers and had just left Cordoba, a historic city. Its speed was 110 kph at the time of the accident, which is well below the 250 kph maximum on this stretch.

Renfe reported that the oncoming train was traveling at a speed 205 km/h.

In the first Alvia carriage, 37 people were killed and 16 injured. The majority of those killed and injured were from the first two?Alvia carriages.

Oscar Puente, Transport Minister, said the Iryo was less than four-years-old and the track had been completely reconstructed last May for an investment of 800 million euros. Iryo stated that the train's last inspection was on January 15

Puente described the accident as "tremendously bizarre" and stated that the derailment may not have caused any deaths if it wasn't for the approaching train.

Jose Trigueros of the Association of Road Engineers said that his preliminary analysis of information and images released by the authorities indicated "failure of undercarriage of back units" of Iryo train.

Previous PROBLEMS

According to a copy seen by, the train drivers' union SEMAF warned the state-owned rail infrastructure manager ADIF of the severe wear and tear on the railway track, where the two collided trains, stating that potholes and bumps as well as imbalances of overhead power lines caused frequent breakdowns.

ADIF did not immediately respond to an inquiry for comment.

A review of alerts from ADIF's X page shows that it had previously reported infrastructure problems at Adamuz. These ranged from?signaling failures to overhead power line issues, which caused high-speed train delays between Madrid and Andalusia ten times since 2022. Last year, the government was criticized for a number of delays in the network caused by 'power outages' and theft of copper cable from the lines. Cable theft is a problem for the network, as it crosses vast swathes?of empty countryside.

According to ADIF, Spain's 3,622 km high-speed rail network is the largest in Europe, and second in the world, after China.

In 2020, Spain will open its high-speed railway network to private competition to provide low-cost alternatives for Renfe’s AVE trains.

Iryo is a partnership between the Italian state railway operator Ferrovie dello Stato and Spanish infrastructure fund Globalvia. It started operating in November 20, starting with the Madrid to Barcelona route, and then expanding to other major cities.

The Iryo ETR1000 is produced by Hitachi Rail Bombardier in Europe, for Trenitalia's Ferrovie unit. Renfe's Alvia train is made by local manufacturers CAF and Talgo. Reporting by Victoria Waldersee; editing by Sharon Singleton.

(source: Reuters)