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Tunnel under the Alps connects Italy and Austria

On Thursday, workers broke through the final thin layer of rock to open an underground tunnel that will become a high speed rail line connecting Europe's north and south.

The Brenner Base tunnel, which has been dubbed the longest underground rail link in the world, is at the heart of an EU initiative to move freight from the road to rail to reduce pollution and increase cross-border trade.

At the ceremony of breaking the first rock, Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Mello said: "Today we take together a crucial step towards the construction of one the largest infrastructure projects on the continent."

"It's a historic moment... for Italy and Austria as well as for Europe in general."

It will be the first rail tunnel connecting Austria with Italy. The link is scheduled to open in 2032 - 16 years late compared to the original schedule - and will cost about 8.5 billion euro ($10 billion), 2.5 billion more than budget.

When completed, the tunnel will be 55 km long (34 miles). It can be extended to 64 km if it is connected to an existing underground connection into Innsbruck. The journey time from Fortezza, Italy to Innsbruck will be reduced to 25 minutes instead of 80 minutes.

The Brenner Pass, one of Europe's most popular mountain passes for freight transportation, is extremely busy. The Alpine Pass is choked with more than 50 million tonnes, 14 million vehicles, and 2.5 million trucks each year.

Around 70% of trans-Alpine cargo traffic travels through the Brenner by road. Only 30% is transported by rail. The tunnel hopes to change this imbalance.

The new link may not have the impact that was hoped for because Germany hasn't finalised the northern access routes needed to connect with the Brenner Tunnel.

(source: Reuters)