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Maricarmen Abascal has died. She was the evicted Spanish 80-year-old who was at the heart of Spain’s housing protests.
The tenants' union in Madrid announced on Wednesday that Maricarmen Abacal, the 87-year old woman whose eviction had sparked protests over housing conditions in Spain, was dead. Abascal’s?eviction has sparked protests in Spain over the last couple of weeks. This included activists camping out on one of Madrid’s main squares and calls for action to tackle a growing housing crisis. These protests, along with the rejection by parliament of last week's decrees intended to?limit evictions?and limit rent pressures?, led Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez?to call for an early election on?November 29, Sanchez wants to change the narrative of the political debate from the handling of the migrant crisis by his government in Spain's North African Enclave Ceuta, and the corruption cases involving the Socialist Party of Spain and his family. He is now focusing on the housing crisis. Angel Victor Torres is Spain's Minister of Territorial Policy. He lamented this news. He said that Maricarmen was a symbol for what many families were going through, both elderly and young, who struggled to get their own home or stay there.
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US ends review of data privacy for US Airlines without Penalties
According to a memo seen on Monday, the US 'Transportation Department' has concluded a review conducted during Biden's tenure of?airlines? data privacy practices without imposing any penalties. This is despite complaints from lawmakers that carriers had failed to safeguard or misuse information. USDOT did not comment on Monday but in a memo dated 4 September, it said that they had evaluated the privacy of data for the 10 largest airlines and found "no violation" of the applicable laws or policies. In?March 2024, the then-Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg opened a review on how US Airlines collect and use passengers' information. Senator Ron 'Wyden has urged USDOT addressing privacy concerns. "DOT claims that merely having a policy and training on privacy is enough, despite evidence of privacy violations." Wyden and Shontel brown said in August that the Drug Enforcement Administration was paying airline employees Millions of dollars were spent to get some data on 'Americans. They alleged that a database owned jointly by major US airlines sold passenger records without warrants and court oversight to government agencies such as the IRS. In a memo, the department said that US airlines shouldn't set pricing based on personal data. It reminded airlines that they have a responsibility to "protect?passenger?data, adhere?to published privacy policies and prevent unlawful discrimination when it comes to dynamic pricing practices." Sean Duffy, Transportation Secretary, said last year that he would investigate any personalized pricing. Delta Air Lines denied using AI to set individual prices.
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Manishi Raymondchaudhuri: The thaw in the Sino-Indian relationship will be a major test for economic growth
India wants to move out of China's shadow and improve diplomatic relations. But the more it pushes the more its dependency on China, its wealthier neighbor, becomes apparent. Xi Jinping, the Chinese president, and Indian prime minister Narendra Modi met in New Delhi in December. It was Xi's very first trip to India in seven years. Both leaders agreed to repair the damage caused by the deadly hand-to -hand clashes that occurred in 2020 along their shared, but poorly defined Himalayan border. Since the two Asian giants agreed last year to end their military standoff, there are other signs of warming relations. Since the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020, direct flights between Indian cities and Chinese 'cities' have been resumed. Visa services in China are also expanding. These measures are only a first step. Handshakes and plane rides will not solve the problem of long-standing trade dependency and strategic distrust. The economic relationship between the two Asian giants remains profoundly asymmetric. According to the World Bank, China's share in global manufacturing value added was 28% by 2025. This is far greater than India's 3%. India's export situation is also lopsided. China's 16.3% of global merchandise exports by 2025 will be a massively greater share than India's 1.7%. India will import goods from China worth $116 billion dollars more than it exports in 2025. In August of this year, India's deficit was already at $91 billion. It was on course to surpass the record set last year. CAPTIVE SUPPLY CHAINS It's not just that India imports from China more. Many of these imports are essential to Indian industry. The three largest import categories are electrical and electronic equipment (EEE), machinery and chemicals. These goods are used as intermediates by Indian manufacturers. India imports more from China the more it exports. The dilemma is illustrated by smartphones and generic drugs. India has made great progress in expanding pharmaceutical production and assembling electronic devices, but many of the inputs and components needed by both sectors are still sourced from China. This dependence has broad strategic implications. Beijing's introduction of export licensing requirements for seven heavy rare Earths in April 2025, exposed India's automotive manufacturing and defense sectors to vulnerabilities. India's manufacturing problems are not all due to foreign competition. According to the latest Economic Survey, India's R&D spending in 2024 was just 0.64%, which is significantly lower than its?Asian counterparts, partly due to private sector underinvestment. The problem is compounded by the shortage of skilled workers. Foxconn's decision to withdraw Chinese staff from their Indian iPhone factories by 2025 showed how advanced manufacturing is dependent on foreign expertise. INDIA'S FIXES New Delhi is trying to correct the imbalance. India has recently eased restrictions on Chinese foreign direct investments (FDI), allowing them to own up to 10% of Indian companies. The government announced simultaneously that it would expedite the clearance of investment proposals within 60 days in five high-tech areas, provided they were structured as joint ventures and had majority Indian ownership. India's exports to China increased by 40% from April to August. The increase in exports is largely due to industrial machinery, automotive components and printed circuit boards as well as smartphones and other electronic products. The export boom should not be misinterpreted as a fundamental change in the relationship. India's electronic growth is still heavily dependent on Chinese imports. Smartphone manufacturing, India's largest export success story, is still only 18-20% local. The AI boom in Northeast Asia is generating positive spillovers to the subcontinent. Indian firms are picking up sub-components from Chinese tech giants who are facing a surge in hardware demand. This dynamic, however, reinforces the importance of Chinese supply chains. TRUST DEFICIT IS PERSISENT In order for China-bound FDI to reach India and for technology transfer to take place, it is important to answer the question: What does India have to offer? China is not taking up the bait. The obvious answer to this question is 'access to a large, young market with a low-cost labor pool'. Also, New Delhi has various incentives for industrial growth, including tax breaks, payouts linked to production, and capital subsidies. China's pressure to its leading companies, which includes EVs, batteries and solar energy equipment as well as electronic equipment, shows how Beijing protects its most sophisticated capabilities. The 3,800 km (2,400 miles) of disputed border in Himalayas continue to cast a cloud over the relationship. The two countries have agreed to a gradual, multi-year stabilisation plan. Diplomats met in Beijing last August and pledged a "fair settlement that is reasonable for both parties". However, there does not appear to be a resolution imminent. Both governments seem willing to expand economic cooperation for the time being. India's challenge does not just lie in reducing its imports from China. The challenge for India is to use a renewed engagement with China to develop its own domestic capabilities. The relationship between Asia's largest economies until then will be a one-sided affair. You like this column? Open Interest (ROI) is your new essential source of global financial commentary. Follow ROI on LinkedIn and X. Listen to the Morning Bid podcast daily on Apple, Spotify or the app. Subscribe to the Morning Bid podcast and hear journalists discussing the latest news in finance and markets seven days a weeks.
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Alaska LNG savings justify billions of investment, developer claims
Alaska LNG's developer claimed that the project would be competitive with US Gulf Coast competitors because it will have access to stranded natural gas and shorter shipping routes into Asia. This is despite some analysts' concerns about the massive infrastructure costs of 'the project. Tim Fitzpatrick said in an email sent to the project developer Glenfarne on Sunday that the cost to ship gas from Alaska's North Slope to Asia would be at least 60% cheaper than the Gulf Coast. The project would transport gas from Alaska's north slope through an 800-mile pipeline, to a plant that exports liquefied gas in southern Alaska. The question is whether the lower shipping costs are worth the billions needed to build infrastructure. The estimated cost for the project is $44,5 billion to $54,5 billion. This translates into?roughly $2 billion to $2.7 million per million tons of LNG capacity (MTPA). This is significantly more than other Gulf Coast projects that have recently been approved. The developer Glenfarne claims that this comparison is inaccurate because it does not include the costs of the pipelines and treatment infrastructure required to bring the North Slope gas stranded to the market. Fitzpatrick stated that the delivery costs for the?Alaska Liquefied Natural Gas project are about $1.4 billion each MTPA. Since the Russian invasion of Ukraine, US LNG projects have been approved at an average price of $1 billion or less per mtpa. Glenfarne says that the project's competitiveness is best measured in terms of delivered LNG costs, rather than upfront expenditure. Fitzpatrick stated that the company has so far identified customers for 13 millions tons of LNG per year and needs 16,000,000 tons per annum to support project finance. Trump said on Friday that South Korea would help finance the LNG project in Alaska as part of an investment package worth $200 billion for US projects. Seoul, however, quickly indicated that the role of South Korea in the Alaska LNG project was not yet determined.
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US FAA: Boeing 737 MAX software bug poses no safety concern
Federal Aviation Administration'said Friday that a panel of experts determined that a'software glitch in certain Boeing 737 MAX Flight Computers pose no safety concerns, clearing the?way for approval of a broader version?of a bestselling narrow body jet. This decision will remove a long-delayed obstacle to the certification of the MAX 10 – the largest variant in the 737 MAX Family – which had been delayed by years. This should ease the concerns of airlines who fly the MAX 7 which also uses the same software and was certified by FAA in august. The FAA stated that the decision by the Corrective action Review Board?that?met in Seattle on?Friday was based on "pilots retaining full control of?aircraft, and the indications given to the flight crew were clear and unambiguous." The FAA announced earlier this week that it would delay?certification for the MAX 10 until an analysis was completed of the software problem, which could prevent pilots?from?accessing automated guidance during a landing scenario. Aviation officials believe that the MAX 10 could now be certified by the end of this month. Southwest Airlines could have also been affected by the issue, as the MAX 7 aircraft that was just certified uses the same software. The MAX 10 was also ordered by Alaska Airlines, United Airlines, and other large airlines. Jefferies stated in a research report that the MAX '10 can be certified by the end of this year. Boeing has estimated nearly 1,500 MAX 10s are on order. The FAA stated that one software version could increase pilot workload when a pilot "aborts" a landing, then applies power and climbs for another 'landing attempt. A FAA official stated that Boeing would issue a bulletin on how to recognize the situation and what to do in it. The FAA will then issue a Special Information Bulletin about Airworthiness to US airlines and foreign regulators so they are aware of Boeing’s bulletin. While the analysis was in progress, major US airlines chose not to use this version of the software.
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Zimbabwean businessman Chivayo who was close to the ruling elite killed in helicopter crash
Wicknell 'Chivayo', his wife, and other victims were killed in a helicopter crash on Wednesday, according to Emmerson Mnangagwa. Mnangagwa said in a statement to X on Thursday he is "in deep grief and shock", and Kenyan President William Ruto, who posted a different post on the same day, called Chivayo a friend and expressed his sadness at his death. Chivayo, who has cultivated close relationships with Mnangagwa, and other African leaders by posting pictures on social media, also displayed luxury vehicles, designer clothes and lavish gifts. Zimbabwe's The Herald reported that investigations?into this crash are currently underway and a statement detailing the findings will be made in due course. The police did not comment on the cause of the accident, but Paul Nyathi, the spokesperson for the authorities said that DNA tests were being conducted because the bodies had been severely damaged. Chivayo was often cited by critics as an example for a small, elite class who benefited from contracts with the government under Zimbabwe's ZANUPF party. He denied accusations of corruption. Chivayo spent several years in prison after being convicted of money laundering in 2005. He was arrested for?the alleged misuse of a $5.6million advance payment linked to a solar energy project in 2018. But a magistrate struck off the 'case in 2023 citing delays by the prosecutors. Mnangagwa again attracted scrutiny in 2024 after describing his company as Starlink’s exclusive partner in Zimbabwe. This prompted the telecommunications regulator, to clarify that it was only one of many approved resellers.
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Israel's Netanyahu: Flydubai co-pilot underwent radical Islamist endoctrination
Israel's Prime Minister said that the co-pilot who attempted to crash a plane by stabbing the captain had been radicalized and clearly suicidal. The flydubai flight FZ1073, which flew from Dubai to Tel Aviv on Wednesday, was spared disaster after the injured captain managed to open the cockpit door and allow passengers to subdue their attacker. The plane with more than 170 passengers on board was landed at Tabuk Airport in Saudi Arabia by a reserve crew. We know that he was radicalized by islamists. In an interview with Fox News, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu stated that this appears to be what we gather from his personal data. According to two Israeli security officials, Israel's initial assessment is that the copilot, who Israel identified as an Omani, likely acted alone. However, the investigation is still ongoing. Flightradar24, a flight tracking website, reports that the plane plunged more than 14,000 feet during the incident while it was flying from the United Arab Emirates towards Israel. Netanyahu said, "It was obvious that the copilot was suicidal." Netanyahu stated that it appeared likely that the man was planning to bring down the aircraft. He said that "the Islamist traits, the radicalization found in his past, is a pretty good clue." But again, I haven't made any final conclusions. "But that's what we know now," he said. The United Arab Emirates have begun investigations to determine the circumstances and motives, and to determine "whether or not the incident was linked to terrorist activities or purposes or involved any prior planning or directions", according to the UAE's state news agency. ATTACKER IDENTIFIED AN OMANI NATIONAL Yossi Shelley told the Israeli envoy in the UAE that it was still too early to make any conclusions and that no motive had yet been established. A second Israeli official stated that Israel did not receive all of the information requested from Saudi Arabia and that Israeli intelligence services Mossad, and Shin Bet were also investigating the incident. Saudi Arabia's media office has not responded to requests for comment immediately, nor have they made any statements about their investigations. Netanyahu identified the attacker's nationality as Omani. Omani authorities are yet to comment. We have restrictions that state that you cannot have pilots who are from countries without diplomatic relations with Israel. Netanyahu said that it was clear that he had been able to do so. In an interview with Fox News Netanyahu stated that the attacker is being investigated in Saudi Arabia, and that he believes he will be sent to the UAE. When asked if there were any signs of Iranian involvement in the conflict, Netanyahu replied that it was still too early to tell. Israel has not made any official statements about Iranian involvement. Two Israeli security officials claimed that Israel has not yet identified any Iranian involvement. Israel Defence Minister Israel Katz stated on Wednesday that Israel’s preliminary information indicated the co-pilot intended to crash the aircraft, describing him?as a terrorist. Netanyahu, however, only described it as "a serious incident". The permanent Iranian mission at Geneva has not responded to the request for comment. SECURITY FEARS AHEAD OF ISRAELI ELSTION Israel's security was a major issue in the campaigning for the first elections since the Hamas attacks of October 7, 2023. In February, the US and Israel launched attacks against Iran, in a conflict which quickly spread to the Gulf of Aden and Lebanon where Israel is fighting Iran-backed militant Hezbollah. Both Netanyahu and Indian PM Narendra Modi have described the captain of flight FZ1073, an Indian, Smit Machchhar, as a hero. The Indian Embassy in the UAE reported on X that the pilot was doing well. Israel also praised passengers who subdued the attacker. Yaniv Haun, one of those who incapacitated an attacker, described running to the cockpit when the plane nosedived. "We pulled out the assailant, I pulled out. "We took control after I got him out. I lifted the yoke, steering control, and straightened out the plane a little," he told reporters on his return to Israel.
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Canada fast tracks oil pipeline to diversify economy and divert away from US
Canada will speed up the approval process of a new proposed crude oil export pipeline that would run along its west coast. The project could generate over C$20 billion in GDP annually, according to Prime Minister Mark 'Carney. The pipeline announced in July is an important part of Carney’s plan to diversify the US economy and lessen the impact of President Donald Trump’s tariffs. Carney stated that Ottawa will officially list the Pacific Link Pipeline as a?project of national interest', allowing it to proceed through a single regulatory review process at the federal level. Ottawa, he said, aimed to finish the process by September 1, 2020. He told reporters at Fort McMurray in Alberta, the hub of the oil sands sector, that a pipeline to the West Coast was part of his mission to transform the economy and double non-U.S. imports within the next decade. Ottawa claims that the 1 million barrels a day project will create 140.000 jobs, generate more than C$20 billion per year in GDP and C$100 Billion in government revenues by 2060. Canada currently has just one east-west oil export pipeline in Canada, the 890,000-barrel-per-day Trans Mountain pipeline. The pipeline expansion was completed in 2024. However, it is already operating at full capacity. Since years, Canada exports more than 90% its crude oil to the United States through pipelines. A new oil export pipe could make Canada the world's largest energy supplier, as Asia’s top importing countries look for oil outside of the Middle East following the Iran conflict. Trans Mountain Corp, a government-owned company, will build the pipeline in conjunction with Pembina Pipeline Corp. Alberta estimates that it will cost between C$35,2 billion and C$43.7billion. The federal government will own the majority of the shares, followed by the government of Alberta. The federal government and the government?of Alberta will own a majority of the shares. Environmentalists and Indigenous groups have opposed previous oil pipeline projects across Canada. This has led to the cancellation of certain projects, and cost overruns or construction delays in others.
Special Report-Why Tesla AI trainers do not trust self-driving technology or safety statistics
In an office in Utah, hundreds of Tesla employees scrutinize the video footage collected by cars using the Full Self-Driving feature (FSD). In some clips, the cars are shown hitting deer or cats. Other clips show more common accidents. They sometimes don't stop before hitting. They speed up a lot. Sometimes, workers witness children playing on the street.
These Tesla staffers, also known as "data labels," train the AI-powered Tesla driver-assistance system. They note incidents of good driving and bad driving, and report problems to engineers who are working to improve the software.
Elon Musk, Tesla's CEO, says that FSD will "soon" make all Teslas autonomous. Interviews with nine former Tesla labelers and an ex-self-driving engineering show that in recent months, the technology has struggled to perform basic maneuvers such as avoiding emergencies or stopping to let school buses load or unload students. (View the article on.com:)
Musk and other executives continue to tout the safety of FSD, despite its dangerous flaws. They have pushed Tesla into staging public demonstrations of the fully automated capability that the CEO has "promised" investors each year for the past decade. Displays include a robotaxi in Austin, Texas that was launched in June last year with human safety monitors inside the cars as well as others who worked remotely.
Four former Tesla employees said that as the events neared, Tesla staffers spent long hours mapping routes, and training software to recognize specific hazards, in order to make self-driving cars appear more capable. Staffers claimed that these labor-intensive safety measures are not feasible to implement on a large scale. These efforts, which were not previously reported, undermine Musk’s claim that Tesla’s self-driving tech will soon work globally, and won't need the laborious mapping of local roads and hazards used by competitors. Musk said Tesla relies on AI and cameras to simplify its approach. This will allow Tesla to expand its robotaxi service with "hyperexponential speed" and give current Tesla owners complete autonomy via software updates.
Musk and other Tesla leaders have reinforced the impression of robocompetence by citing statistics about company safety that, they claim, prove FSD to be up to 10x safer than human driving.
A? A?examen of Tesla's statistical method and interviews with?company?insiders shows Tesla isn't near delivering safely self-driving cars at scale, a promise that underpins the automaker's stock-market valuation of $1.6 trillion. This included an analysis of how Tesla compares their own crash data with federal crash data, a comparison of the more rigorous methodology used by robotaxi rival Waymo and interviews with eleven traffic-safety experts who reviewed Tesla's method. The review identified several invalid data comparisons that were used to support the statistics in Tesla’s FSD safety reports. Ten researchers claimed this was misleading marketing, rather than an investigation into a crucial safety issue.
Tesla, for example, exaggerates safety of the technology by comparing a crash rate in FSD-piloted Teslas which triggered airbag deployments with a federal accident rate for all vehicles, including far less severe accidents. Tesla also compares their cars with the average U.S. car, which is older than the typical Tesla. Researchers said that this results are distorted because automakers all have launched safety features to reduce accidents.
"Any new vehicle is significantly safer than an old car," said Phil Koopman. He's a Carnegie Mellon University professor of engineering and an expert in autonomous vehicles. It's like saying, "My jet plane is faster than your World War II Bomber." Yeah, then what's the point?
Tesla did not respond to the detailed questions for this report. Tesla's CFO Vaibhav Tania first claimed that the robotaxi was 10-times safer in July last year, following Tesla's Austin launch. Robyn Denholm, Tesla Board Chair, repeated the claim at a meeting in November where shareholders approved an incentive package that would grant Musk up to $1 trillion worth of Tesla stock. Musk displayed at the same meeting a chart that claimed "85% fewer crashes" based on the recently revised Tesla method.
Musk said to shareholders that he felt "almost comfortable" allowing drivers to text while driving. In the next few months, we'll be closely examining safety statistics. But we will let you text while driving.
Tesla still hasn't approved texting while driving using FSD six months after it was first announced. The fine print of its FSD site continues to warn that "currently enabled features require active supervisory supervision and do NOT make the vehicle autonomic." Tesla has often cited this disclaimer when sued for serious accidents.
FSD has been widely recognized as a technology capable of handling a wide range of driving situations and can do so for extended periods. Full autonomy is still elusive to Tesla and other car companies because it requires flawless technology execution, even in the most complicated driving situations.
Seven former data labelers said they would not trust FSD to drive them. One said, "We've all seen it fail." One man said that he would not ride in a Tesla Robotaxi "if you paid me." Another self-driving expert, who has studied Tesla crash data over the years, called Tesla's safety claims "bullshit."
The engineer replied, "I don't think you can trust Elon with this."
'TRAUMA TEAM REVIEWS NEAR MISSES
Tesla's data labels get an up-close look at FSD capabilities by reviewing footage from eight exterior cameras equipped vehicles.
Former employees said that FSD failed to perform basic tasks such as stopping for emergency vehicles or giving motorcycles enough room. They saw FSD vehicles failing to brake at freeway exit ramps. One Tesla even hit a concrete barrier. The footage, according to them, did not show if anyone was injured. Two employees claimed that clips showed FSD not avoiding construction zones. One of these incidents involved a Tesla driving into the construction zone and nearly hitting workers, according to one person.
This account is based on the descriptions provided by former staffers of the footage they saw.
Managers at Tesla carefully control access to videos. Employees only watch the clips that they are assigned. They may or may be able to see FSD's biggest failures.
Three employees reported that one data-labeling group focused on pedestrians who were close to being hit. One source claimed that the employees were known informally as "the trauma team" and worked in Palo Alto in California with special access to the footage. The trauma-team footage was closely guarded by engineers, but sometimes, some footage "slipped through" to the other teams, according to the source.
Both the person and an employee claimed to have seen clips of drivers taking control manually at the last moment when FSD failed recognize pedestrians at crosswalks. Two former employees remembered seeing videos of FSD-piloted Teslas almost hitting children last year.
Tesla has faced federal investigations, lawsuits, and other legal proceedings for many years involving fatal crashes that were blamed by drivers or regulators on the failure of FSD, or its older Autopilot system. In 2021, the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration opened an investigation on Autopilot after a number of accidents involving Teslas hitting emergency vehicles. In 2023, the investigation led to a recall where Tesla installed software updates to detect when drivers are not paying attention.
NHTSA is currently conducting four investigations on FSD and Autopilot. One of these involves dozens cases in which vehicles using FSD did not stop at red lights or turned towards traffic. A second investigation examines whether Tesla's Autopilot upgrades for 2023 were adequate to solve the safety issues. The agency is investigating nine FSD incidents, including one fatal crash where the system failed due to reduced visibility, such as in fog or sun glare. Tesla was awarded $243 million last year after an Autopiloted Tesla crash in Florida killed a woman aged 22 and seriously injured her boyfriend. Tesla has appealed. The company settled similar cases without disclosing the terms in several other similar cases.
NHTSA did not respond to a question from NHTSA about the safety of FSDs and Tesla's method when asked by NHTSA. The agency referred any questions regarding Tesla's safety claims over to the U.S. Federal Trade Commission.
The FTC refused to comment on Tesla’s safety statistics. Consumer advocacy groups and U.S. Senators have asked the FTC to look into Tesla's marketing for Autopilot and FSD.
Tesla has not been subjected to any enforcement action by the FTC.
STATS INFLATED ON TESLA'S FSD SAFETY
Tesla's CEO and board boosted their claims of safety as employees watched the videos. Tesla's leaders promoted this 10-times safer claim for much of the last year.
Tesla CFO Taneja stated in a call to discuss earnings that "a car with FSD will be 10x safer". "Even with $99 per month, you get a personal driver for less than $3.33 per day."
Tesla's method is flawed because of a comparison error. This led to a three-fold increase in the claimed level of safety. The automaker compared data from all crashes involving a tow truck with the number of Tesla crashes that had airbags deployed. This was a much less strict criterion. Tow truck crashes are often not severe enough to activate airbags.
Tesla used a flawed methodology, even though the federal data that it used included crashes in which airbags were deployed. The flawed methodology led to the conclusion that Teslas with FSD or Autopilot traveled 10 times further between crashes than an average human driver.
According to Marco Benedetti's analysis, a former NHTSA statistician and assistant research scientist from the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, Teslas with driver-assistance systems are three times more likely to travel between crashes in which airbags were deployed. Two other traffic safety researchers confirmed Benedetti’s calculations.
Benedetti explained that Tesla's method is flawed in several ways, and this does not mean FSD makes a driver three times more safe than an average driver.
Tesla changed its approach to only include data from vehicles that use FSD in November and excluded those using Autopilot. Tesla claimed more miles between crashes by including Autopilot because it is a less complex system that's designed for highways, where cars travel fewer miles and crash less often than in urban areas. On its website, the company continues to cite the flawed airbag crash comparison to claim that FSD is 7 times safer than an average driver. This amounts to 85% in percentage terms.
The findings of a study cast doubts on the safety of FSD.
When comparing its crash rates to those of the nation, the automaker does not take into account the age of the vehicle. Tesla compares the average age of its cars, which is just 4.1, with that of all U.S. vehicles which averages 12.8. Ten safety researchers said that this skews results because most automakers are now offering revolutionary safety features across their entire lineup, such as blind-spot detection and automatic emergency brakes.
Tesla reduces the number of crashes by counting only those that occur with FSD on or within 5 seconds after it is turned off. The U.S. Government, on the other hand, requires automakers report crashes that occur within 30 seconds after an advanced driver assistance system is deactivated.
Tesla claims FSD can save over 32,000 lives each year and prevent 1.9 million injuries. Researchers in traffic safety have called these figures meaningless, because they assume that all U.S. vehicles, including trucks and motorcycles that are crash-prone, will be replaced with Tesla cars that support FSD, and that each Tesla is at least seven-times safer than its predecessor.
The More?Rigorous Approach of WAYMO
Ten traffic safety researchers have said that the premise behind Tesla's statistics on safety is flawed as well, because FSD isn’t a true autonomous system. Tesla's executives are wrong when they claim that the company is comparing its technology with human drivers. Tesla isn't comparing its technology to human drivers, as executives claim. Instead, it compares the average driver with another human who drives a Tesla and uses FSD. Tesla fails to take into account that these drivers are able to turn FSD off and on. Research shows that motorists avoid advanced driver-assistance technologies in traffic situations with high levels of complexity, as they feel unsafe. Tesla's data indicates that FSD is mostly used on highways.
Alphabet Waymo compares its driverless robotaxis in 11 U.S. metro areas to similar human-driven cars.
Waymo adopts a more rigorous strategy than Tesla. It examines crash data from the markets in which it operates, and adjusts for the type of roads and neighborhoods that its robotaxis travel. Waymo looks at specific crash rates, such as airbag deployments and serious injuries. This is for both human-driven cars and Waymo's cars.
John Scanlon is a Waymo researcher who specializes in safety. "You have to be very specific with your research questions and conclusions."
Waymo, meanwhile, points out flaws in its data as well as collaborating with external researchers to publish its safety statistics in peer reviewed journals. Tesla, on the other hand, does not seek peer review, and only publishes top-line statistics about safety, while keeping Tesla's crash data secret.
VIDEOS OF TESLAS STRIVING DOGS, CATS AND DEAR
Data labelers at Tesla get a raw look at FSD safety. Three former Tesla employees have described videos of Teslas hitting animals at high speed without braking.
Five former employees stated that specific teams were focused on FSD’s difficulties recognizing school busses. The Dawn Project, a technology safety group, raised this concern by airing ads at the Super Bowls of 2023 and 2024 showing Teslas with FSD enabled failing to stop for school buses with flashing lights and stop signs.
Two former Tesla employees have said that they saw videos similar to those in Tesla.
Five former data labelers have described a chaotic, hurried work environment, where priorities were constantly changing based on Musk's and FSD's engineers' directives. They said that the data-labeling department was plagued by a high turnover rate due to monotonous work and low pay.
Four former employees claim that Tesla's higher-ups would often launch new projects as a reaction to news stories or social media posts that showed FSD making mistakes. One project was to fix the problem of sunlight obscuring exterior cameras on cars. A social media video showed how the light reflected off a watch of a passenger blinded a camera, shutting FSD down. A second effort was made at railroad crossings after news reports that Teslas with FSD failed to stop there.
Five of the employees also said that FSD clips regularly showed speeding. Engineers and other people higher up in the chain treated this as a problem with low priority.
After the automaker launched a "Mad Max mode" that allows for more aggressive driving, one employee reported labelers regularly seeing Teslas exceeding speed limits of 20-30 miles per hour. One labeler said he saw a vehicle driven by FSD traveling at 60 mph within a 25 mph zone.
TESLA PUBLIC ROBOTAXI DISPLAYS: BEHIND THE CURTAIN
Musk announced Tesla's self driving capabilities in October 2024, as Tesla employees struggled with FSD training. The robotaxi was unveiled at Warner Bros. Studios near Los Angeles. Musk showed off about 20 two-door prototypes of his "Cybercab" which had no pedals or steering wheel, to the invite-only audience.
He said, "The cars just pass by without any people."
Musk said Tesla's software was designed to navigate unfamiliar landscapes and work anywhere. Two former data-labeling workers claim that for the weeks leading up to the Cybercab launch, the staff collected video footage of the route the cars would take at the event. The employees claimed that labelers spent hundreds hours on video annotating road markings and curbs to avoid embarrassing incidents.
Musk has dismissed this approach as being too expensive and slow. Musk called Waymo's'very localized solutions' "quite fragile" in 2024.
Musk announced on a call for earnings in January 2025 that Tesla will launch robotaxis in Austin in June 2025, after the Warner Bros. presentation. He hailed the technology as "a generalized AI solution," which didn't need "high precision maps of a specific location."
Tesla filmed stop lights, road signage and other features for months prior to the Austin launch. Two employees who have direct knowledge of this matter say that data labelers marked up the video to make sure the software was capable of handling challenging scenarios. These included passenger pickups and responding to emergency vehicles.
Three employees claimed that the Utah data-labeling team doubled in the half-year prior to the Austin launch, from about 100 workers to 300. They said that the department worked on a variety of projects in order to ensure that the Austin test went smoothly.
Two employees reported that the software was still unreliable as Tesla data labelers were preparing for the "rollout". Some driving behaviors improved with each FSD upgrade. Some driving behaviors improved with each FSD update. Two large screens in the Utah office displayed statistics on FSD, a key safety metric for autonomous driving.
Former employees stated that the company's performance was "like the stock market", with no consistency in improvement.
Two sets of human safety monitors are available for the vehicles to hit the road: one in the front passenger's seat and another watching remotely. Labelers in Utah could watch videos to see when remote monitors were taking control of the vehicles. Former employee stated that the Austin routes were created for a small area to allow the software of the cars to be extensively trained on specific maneuvers in particular streets.
The person who said this described it as "OK, we taught a car" how to operate within a restricted area. "You can't be creative outside of this."
Four sources stated that scaling up in a safe manner could take many years. Musk said in July that the robotaxi service would be expanded to cover half of the U.S. by 2025, just a month after its launch in Austin. Musk claimed falsely in January that Tesla operated 500 “robotaxi vehicles” in Austin and San Francisco Bay Area. He added that he expected this to "double each month" along an "exponential" curve.
According to a recent presentation by officials, Tesla operates less than 50 robotaxis in Austin, despite the launch of the service nearly a full year ago. Three sources confirmed that the vehicles travel within a carefully-mapped and limited zone. According to recent observations made by a journalist, some vehicles still have human safety monitors on the front passenger's seat.
Tesla announced in April that it would be launching robotaxis throughout Dallas and Houston. It also provided maps of the areas covered. Reporters who tested the service recently in both cities reported long wait times and inconsistent availability. When a reporter was able to get a ride three times in Dallas, the robotaxi would not drop him off at his destination downtown within Tesla's service area.
Every time it took him 15 minutes to walk. (By Chris Kirkham, Los Angeles; and Rachael LEVY, Washington. Sheila Dang, Norihiko Schirouzu, and Benjamin Lesser contributed additional reporting. Brian Thevenot, David Crawshaw and Brian Thevenot edited the story.
(source: Reuters)