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US railroad Union Pacific made money by charging fuel costs spikes from the Iran war to cover their charges.

U.S. railroad Union Pacific made $91.1 million in fuel surcharges more than it paid out for fuel during the second quarter. This is according to an?company filing at the Surface Transportation Board, first reported by. These excess surcharges increased Union Pacific's profits, despite criticisms from shippers who believe that the surcharges are excessive.

The only U.S. transport companies to report fuel costs as well as fuel surcharge revenues to regulators is railroads. This rare insight provides insights into how fuel surcharges improve company profits.

Union Pacific has said that its fuel surcharge increases are in line with industry standards. STB filings revealed that only Norfolk Southern,?CSX, and?CSX had surpluses of $3.6 and $8.4 millions, respectively, in the second quarter.

Union Pacific stated that fuel surcharges were a part of the total cost they negotiate with their customers. They also take this into account when choosing Union Pacific.

Union Pacific reported last month that fuel surcharges increased earnings by 14 cents per share for the second quarter. According to the number of shares outstanding, this amounts to $83.2 millions in profit.

NORFOLK NORTHWEST MERGER

Union Pacific has applied for regulatory approval to acquire Norfolk Southern, a $85 billion company. The aim is to create the first railroad operator in the United States.

The Stop the Rail Merger Coalition includes six state attorneys-general, rival railroads, labor unions, agricultural and chemical industry group, and other groups. They claim that creating a railroad which has a 50% share of the domestic rail freight market would reduce competition, and increase shipping costs, ultimately affecting consumers.

The coalition didn't immediately respond to an inquiry about the surcharges.

In a STB filing made this month, BNSF-owned by Berkshire Hathaway said that only Union Pacific would benefit from the proposed merger. The company noted that the resulting firm "will have all the incentives and opportunities to apply UP’s long-standing high-price strategy on a nationwide scale." BNSF declined comment.

Fuel surcharges are applied by the U.S. Transportation Industry using benchmarks like the Department of Energy's On Highway Diesel Fuel Price and a proprietary formula known as a "trade-factor." Surcharges are a long-standing practice that has survived legal challenges and regulatory scrutiny for decades.

"Rail Fuel Surcharges Overall are Up 43 Cents per Mile Since March, and Now Sit Above the Previous?Record From September 2008" It's not a mistake, said Kyle Henzel. President and Chief Operating Officer at shipping platform Ship.com.

The lag between the fuel price and surcharges on railroads is usually two months. The March fuel surcharge for this year, for instance, was based off the January diesel prices, before the Iran War began.

Union Pacific's STB filing showed that in the first quarter it collected fuel surcharges of $607.6 millions, which was $34.8 million more than what it had paid for fuel.

Union Pacific's fuel costs were $56.4 million higher than the surcharge revenue in both the first and second quarters.

Union Pacific is the only major railroad that reported fuel surcharges exceeding fuel costs in the first half 2026.

Union Pacific and BNSF compete to dominate the western United States. STB filings show that BNSF surcharges for the first half of this year were $658.1 million less than fuel costs.

The company's STB documents showed that Union Pacific generated $2.3 billion in fuel surcharges last year. This was $48 million more than the fuel it purchased. (Reporting and editing by Timothy Gardner; Sabrina Valle, Lisa Baertlein; Additional reporting by Lisa Baertlein)

(source: Reuters)