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Mexico orders Paris auction house to stop selling pre-Colombian artworks
Mexico's government announced on Thursday that it had taken legal action to force Millon, a French auction house, to stop the planned sale this week of 40 precolombian artifacts Mexico considers to be its cultural heritage. Mexico has launched "appropriate legal procedures before?the?relevant?authorities", and reached out via diplomatic channels to repatriate the artifacts, Culture Secretary Claudia Curiel stated in a social media post. She said, "The protection of cultural heritage is the responsibility of the State and an act historical justice." Millon will hold an in-person sale of a precolombian collection entitled "Les Empires of Light" (The Empires of Light), in Paris, on Friday. Millon didn't immediately respond to the '?request for comments. On Thursday, the auction house's site displayed a message that it was under maintenance. Curiel sent a letter dated Tuesday to?Millon in which she stated that Mexico's anthropology institution INAH had?determined 40 of the artifacts?advertised at the auction house were protected by Mexican law. In a letter, she stated that "These goods are the property of the nation, unalienable, and incontrovertible. Their export has been prohibited since 1827 and as such, their presence outside national territory is derived from an illegal extraction." Mexico has been trying to retrieve?artifacts from private collections all over the world that are part of its precolonial history. Although some governments have accepted repatriations of artifacts, others remain the subject of extended disputes. The iconic headdress with bejeweled motifs is said to be the one that belonged to Aztec Emperor?Moctezuma, before he fell to Spanish conquistador Hernan cortes. The Austrian Weltmuseum, which houses the headdress, has stated that transporting it would damage its delicate iridescent quetzal feathers. Mexico launched a separate lawsuit against Millon in 2023 over 83 items it had put up for auction that it determined to be part of its cultural heritage. At the time, ARTnews reported that?Millon had told the trade outlet it would proceed with the sale. It said all of its lots were "irreproachable" and met criteria set by French law and UNESCO, the United Nations' cultural agency. Reporting by Raul Cotes, Writing by Sarah Morland and Editing by David Gregorio
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Russia aims to increase exports of Urals grade to China
Urals crude differentials have remained unchanged in a'muted market,' while traders are looking at a broader discounting to Brent grade, as Russia diverts its exports from India to China, with higher freight costs and wider discounts. Some market participants expect that the discount for Urals will increase by up to $5 per barrel, from the current $10-12 on a delivered-to port basis. Hungarian PM Viktor Orban asked for a fact-finding mission to assess damage caused to the Druzhba Oil Pipeline in Ukraine on Wednesday. He suggested that this could unblock EU funding to Ukraine. MOL Group, a refiner, said that in an email statement sent on Thursday, the Croatian pipeline operator JANAF should allow transit to Hungary and Slovakia of Russian oil transported by sea. It added?that these imports are not subject to EU sanctions. PLATTS WINDOW * There were no bids or offers made on Thursday for Urals BTC, CPC Blend, and Azeri BTC, traders said. * The Caspian Pipeline Consortium which transports oil from Kazakhstan to a Russian terminal on the 'Black Sea,' increased its exports by 12% in 2012, reaching 70.52 millions metric tons. * The United States has slowed down the sale of international assets owned by the Russian oil giant Lukoil to exert pressure on Russia during the peace talks in Ukraine. (Reporting and Editing by Shailesh Kumar)
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What caused the cocoa crisis in Ivory Coast, Ghana and Nigeria?
Ivory Coast, Ghana and the other half of the cocoa-producing countries have had difficulty selling beans and paying farmers due to the abundance of cocoa harvested globally and the lower cocoa price. What are the reasons why the two countries performed worse than their rival producers? How did we get here? Cocoa is not traded freely in Ivory Coast or Ghana. The government-appointed 'cocoa regulators' of the two countries sell 80% of the 'beans? to global traders one year in advance. Based on these sales, they set a price fixed for the farmers when the season begins in October. Farmers sell their beans at this price to local collectors, who then sell them to licensed buyers. Licensed buyers sell the cocoa either directly to global traders, or to local traders that sell to global traders. Cocoa regulators in most countries adjust the farmer's price to reflect the lower-quality mid-crop, which is usually between April and September. Ivory Coast's main crop price was set at $5,000 per metric ton in October last year, while Ghana set the price at $5,300. The price of cocoa futures has fallen to $3,100 per tonne, but they have lost more than half their value in just one year. The price drop had an immediate impact on global cocoa traders. They would suffer?severe losses' if they bought Ivorian or Ghanaian beans, and then sold them to futures market prices. They stopped buying them. Sources in the industry said that Ivorians farmers were also not paid for their beans as of last month. The Ivory Coast government noted that cocoa stocks were piled high. What has Ivory Coast, GHANA done so far in response? Ivory Coast launched a program late last month in order to get cash?to farmers. The government bought 100,000 tons of main crop cocoa from farmers for a price of half a million dollars. The cocoa regulator in Ghana cut the fixed farmer prices by almost a third on 12 February, to about $3,580 a ton, after estimating that the country held cocoa stocks of around 50,000 tons. Sources have confirmed that Ivory Coast plans to reduce its fixed farmer price, starting March 1, by about a quarter in order to encourage sales to international traders. The government announced earlier this week that it would announce a "new farmer price" by the end February, one month earlier than normal. Why did the price of cocoa in the world plummet? World cocoa prices, which nearly tripled to record levels by 2024, have lost around three-quarters of their value since then. This was partly due to a drop in demand as high prices forced chocolate makers to reduce bar size, add non-cocoa ingredients, like wafers and nuts, or substitute cocoa butter for alternative fats. According to traders, the favourable weather conditions have led to larger and healthier crops. The global market is expected to record an excess of between 300,000 and 400,000 tons in this season. Ivory Coast, Ghana and other countries with large surpluses of beans, do not have the means to store them in warehouses. The price of cocoa in futures markets has a lag of about a year before it is reflected in the chocolate sold at retail. COCOA IS IMPORTANT TO THE IVORY COAST AND GHANA ECONOMIES. Cocoa exports account for almost 40% of Ivory Coast revenue and 15% of Ghana's. This makes cocoa one of the largest sources of foreign currency earnings?for both West African countries. Ghana, like Ivory Coast is struggling to recover from the deepest economic crisis it has experienced in a decade after defaulting on and restructuring a large portion of its $30 billion debt. Ghana's cocoa regulator has found it more difficult and expensive to obtain financing for its cocoa purchases. Nearly two million cocoa farmers in Ghana and Ivory Coast, and their dependents - most of whom are below the poverty level - rely on chocolate as a livelihood. (Reporting and editing by Barbara Lewis; May Angel)
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HOLD Gupta, a businessman, was denied permission to appeal the Trafigura nickel fraud case.
The 'London High Court' refused to allow Indian businessman Prateek gupta, who was found guilty of defrauding commodities trader Trafigura by using fake nickel cargoes. The Geneva-based 'Trafigura' alleged that Gupta had been the mastermind behind a fraudulent "Ponzi Scheme" where he and his firms agreed to deliver high-quality nickel 99.8% but delivered low-value materials or even worthless ones instead. Gupta admitted he didn't deliver high-grade Nickel cargoes, but said Trafigura?staff designed the scheme. Former Trafigura head nickel trader Sokratis Oikonomou denies this. Last month, Judge Pushpinder Saini found that Gupta's companies and Gupta had induced Trafigura to sign contracts by making "false and fraudulent representations". The judge said that Trafigura's ex-employees, including Oikonomou were "wholly?innocent?of any wrongdoing". Gupta asked for permission to appeal this ruling, and was?refused. However, he may still apply directly to the Court of Appeal. Nathan Pillow, Trafigura's attorney, told the hearing on Thursday that Trafigura owed an additional $140 million for interest, in addition to its $500 million principal. Trafigura's spokesperson stated that Gupta was owed $700 million, plus legal fees. The spokesperson stated that Trafigura will take action to enforce the judgment and recover the amounts awarded. Gupta’s lawyers didn’t immediately respond to an?request for comments. Gupta has agreed to limit his monthly living expenses to 5,000 pounds ($6,763.50), from 20,000 pounds. Trafigura received its first complaints in November 2022 about the cargoes that it had sold. The trial concluded in December. The discovery led Trafigura to carry out additional inspections, charge $590 million and then sue Gupta's companies in February 2023 over what they called "systematic fraud". Reporting by Sam Tobin Editing Emelia Sithole Matarise and David Goodman
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German court issues injunction against AfD party and suspends 'extremist classification' by spy agency
The BfV's domestic intelligence service cannot refer to the Alternative for Germany as a right-wing extreme for the time being, the Cologne administrative court ruled on Thursday. This is a major boost for the party ahead of five state elections in this year. The court granted the AfD's injunction to stop the?BfV from referring to the AfD as a right-wing extremist by 2025. The injunction will remain valid until a court ruling on the case is made, but when this may be is not clear. The court said in a press release that "following examination under the summary procedure it cannot be established at this time that the applicant as a person is dominated by these positions." In May, the spy agency classified the far right AfD as an "extremist", which allowed it to increase monitoring of the biggest opposition party in the country. The decision to label the AfD extremists in May triggered a flurry of reactions along the fault lines of German politics. Some lawmakers called for the AfD to be banned, while the party claimed it was an attack on democracy. The decision was also strongly criticized by the?administration of U.S. president Donald Trump, with Secretary of State Marco Rubio urging German authorities to reverse it. (Writing and Editing by Ludwig Burger, Madeline Chambers, and Friederike Heine)
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Ford recalls 4.3 million US cars over software issue
Ford Motor Company announced Thursday that it will recall 4.3 million SUVs, pickup trucks and pickups in the U.S. because of a software error which could cause exterior lights and trailer brakes to stop working. The recall includes the F-150 from 2021 to 2026, the F-250 SD from 2022 to 2026, the Lincoln Navigator, Expedition and Maverick, as well as some Ranger, E-Transit, and Lincoln Navigator vehicles. The Integrated Trailer module may not be able to communicate with the vehicle when towing a?trailer. This could lead either to a loss in brake or turn signal 'lights,' or a complete loss of brake functionality. Ford will 'fix the issue with an over-the -air software update. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration stated that trailer lights and brakes not working can decrease the driver's control of the trailer, increasing risk?of a collision. Ford has identified 407 incidents which may be linked to the recall issue. Ford and NHTSA discussed this issue during a meeting held in December. Ford reopened their investigation in January, taking into consideration the views of NHTSA. Ford has said that it is unaware of any accidents related to the recall issue. The company stated that 'the problem may cause the trailer to stop contacting the vehicle when it is started. David Shepardson reported the story. (Editing by Louise Heavens, Mark Potter and Mark Potter).
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Sweden's Einride raises 113 million dollars ahead of US listing
Swedish autonomous trucking firm Einride announced on Thursday that it has raised $113 million in private equity investment ahead of its merger with a blank check company and public listing of shares in the U.S. scheduled for the first half. The funding 'was committed by both new and existing investors, including EQT Ventures. It will 'help support the technology roadmap of the company and its global expansion across North -America, Europe, and the Middle -East. Einride stated that the?listing? now values the company as a $1.8 billion equity value, compared to the $1.8 billion valuation when the announcement was made?in November of last year. Investors are enthused by the autonomous technology, as firms try to capitalize on the strong demand for automated cargo shipping. Investors have committed a total of $213 million to the company's public listing.
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Russia accuses Ukraine that it is threatening European energy safety with the Hungary/Slovakia Oil Stoppage
The Russian Foreign Ministry's Maria Zakharova accused Ukraine of a threat to Europe's energy security by stopping the flow of?Russian crude oil through the Druzhba pipeline into Hungary and Slovakia. Ukraine says that the pipeline has still not been repaired after being damaged by Russian air strikes in late January. On Monday, in another incident, Kyiv's drones hit a Russian pumping station servicing the same.pipeline. Hungary blocked this week new EU sanctions against?Russia, and an EU loan for Ukraine in response to the oil shutdown. Zakharova said that the inaction of Brussels is surprising because the blockage by Ukraine of the Druzhba Oil Pipeline threatens energy security for Hungary, Slovakia, and Europe as a whole. Ursula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission, said that Brussels had requested?Ukraine speed up repairs on the damaged pipeline. Volodymyr Zelenskiy, Ukrainian President, said the?day after that it could not be repaired quickly. (Reporting and writing by Dmitry Antonov; Editing by Andrew Osborn).
Mali's Barrick hardball talks are being driven by two former Barrick employees
According to sources familiar with the discussions, two former Barrick Gold executives who have inside information about the Canadian miner's operations in West Africa help drive Mali's demand for a payment from the Canadian company of approximately $200 million.
Mamou and Samba Toure were both employed by Randgold in Mali, now part of Barrick, which is a mining firm.
Mali's military government, which seized in December three metric tonnes of gold worth approximately $245 million from Barrick, has given miners until Saturday midnight to respond to their demands.
According to a source with knowledge of the situation, it wants Barrick pay back taxes totaling 125 billion CFA Francs ($199m) according to a source.
Source: If the deal is finalised Mali will return the gold seized and release the four Barrick executives who have been detained since November.
Barrick has publicly announced that he is a member of the Barrick
rejected
The charges brought against its employees are not specified. According to the court documents reviewed by, these include money laundering and funding of terrorism.
Barrick declined to answer any questions regarding the current status of the negotiations, and the Mali mines ministry also did not respond.
The dispute will have ramifications on global miners, foreign investors and others who have invested billions of dollars in West Africa. They are now being forced to follow a different set of rules because the military governments of Mali Niger and Burkina Faso want a larger share of mining revenue.
Beverly Ochieng is senior analyst at Control Risks for Francophone Africa. She said that the standoff with Barrick shows just how far governments led by military forces in the Sahel region are willing to go in order to force foreign operators to adhere to new regulations aligned with their pursuit of resource nationalism.
We spoke with more than 20 people, including mining executives and consultants, diplomats, and people who had direct knowledge of the discussions, to get a better picture of the negotiation. Sources requested anonymity due to the sensitive nature of the situation.
Nine people with knowledge of the situation say that the two Toures form part of a small group on the Malian front, including junta chief Assimi Goita and the Minister of Finance and Economy Alousseini Sanou.
They are not related, despite sharing a common surname. Samba Toure was older than the other two men by several decades and was West Africa Operations Director at Randgold. Mamou worked as underground manager at the Loulo Mine.
Sources said that Mamou is the most influential negotiator in Mali due to his close relationship with the powerful Finance Minister Sanou.
Mamou’s Iventus consultancy won the contract for auditing foreign mining companies in Mali. This led to the new mining code of 2023 and the renegotiation of the miner's contracts. Samba works now for him in the consultancy.
Mamou is the current boss, said a former co-worker. Samba's technical and managerial expertise was still crucial to decision making. "The decisions are made more by Samba than Mamou."
Mamou responded to detailed questions by saying that gold production has not benefited the Mali people as it should for many decades. Mali is Africa’s second largest gold producer.
He said, "It's only natural for the state to ask for a correction." "The state made great efforts to reach an accord, which is the reason all other companies reached an agreement with state."
Samba Toure has not responded to a comment request.
ACRIMONIOUS TALKS
Barrick's talks have been acrimonious, while other Western miners, including Canada's B2Gold, Allied Gold, and Australia's Resolute, have reached deals with Mali over the past few months.
Legal disputes, arrests, nationalisations, and threats are being used by the military governments of Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso to strengthen their ties with Russia and gain greater control over gold and uranium.
Ochieng of Control Risks, however, said that this did not mean Western operators would be unwelcome. She said that several western mining companies were allowed to expand their operations and acquire new assets, provided they met the latest taxation and regulatory demands.
The Mali junta, which will take power in 2020 has pledged to examine its mining industry so that the state can benefit from gold prices at record highs.
Some companies, such as B2Gold, were able to reach an agreement quickly. Some companies, such as Australia's Resolute whose CEO was arrested while in Mali to hold talks, took a little longer.
B2Gold said it would proceed with its planned investments at its Fekola complex this year after achieving the deal. Resolute said on Thursday that its deal with the Mali government would allow for better collaboration as the mine is developed.
The relationship with Barrick deteriorated in the last year. Barrick paid 80 million dollars to release four Malians who were arrested by the authorities in September. Mali demanded more payments, as it is owed a total amount of $350 million.
Barrick generated $949m in revenue in the first nine-month period of last year from its operations in Mali.
Bristow announced in early November that it had agreed to offer Mali 55% economic benefits from the Loulo-Gounkoto mining complex, similar to the agreement struck by the miner with Tanzania five years earlier.
Mali demanded that the remaining amount be paid in one go, rather than in installments. Mali began to block Barrick's imports in early November.
Mali claims that Barrick still has 125 billion CFA Francs to pay after discounting VAT credits.
Mali issued a warrant of arrest for Barrick CEO Mark Bristow in December 5 after four Barrick employees were again detained when no payment was received.
Contacts continued in the background. On Dec. 6, a source who spoke with Barrick senior management said that Barrick was on the verge of paying a second 50 billion CFA tranche. The payment never materialized and the conversation ceased. On Tuesday, formal talks resumed.
Freddie Brooks is a metals & Mining analyst at BMI. A FitchSolutions Company. He said that Barrick, under Bristow, had the highest level of tolerance for operational risks among major miners.
He said that if they failed to negotiate a deal with Mali's junta military, it wasn't for lack of effort.
CLASHES WITH BRISTOW
Samba Toure left Randgold nine years ago, after an argument with Bristow who was the CEO at that time.
Samba's rift grew after he resigned and was denied the right to sell his Randgold shares, based in London.
Mamou Toure left Randgold after a dispute in 2015 with Bristow regarding the use of foreign contractors.
Barrick declined to comment on the circumstances surrounding the Toures departure.
Mamou's company Iventus Mining won the consulting contract when the government announced that it would audit the mines. Two sources claim that Samba Toure was the one who led the audits.
Samba became chairman of the board in 2022 after Mali established a state-owned mine, SOREM. Mamou was appointed as a member.
However, the influence of Toures cannot be denied. Last summer, junta leader Goita grew frustrated with the negotiations and brought in the director of state security, Modibo Kone, one of the five colonels-turned-generals who lead the junta, one source said. Kone's participation in the talks was confirmed by a second source.
According to a source familiar with these talks, at least once, the Finance Minister has taken over the negotiations and told Mamou to step down when he had gone too far in his requests.
Five sources claimed that the Mines Minister, a technocrat without any military ties, had been marginalized. Mamou, however, denied this, pointing out that the ministry has two members on the commission. He said that the commission receives its orders both from the Finance Ministry and the Mines Ministry.
The Mali finance ministry and the presidency have not responded to any requests for comment. The state security service could not be reached.
Special Forces Raid
Stockpiles of gold were increasing in the "gold room" located at Loulo-Gounkoto's complex, despite exports being banned.
According to a court order dated Jan. 2, Barrick had just over 3 tons of gold in its vaults as of Dec. 27.
Unannounced, a helicopter arrived at the landing strip of the mine complex in mid-morning Jan. 11. One source said that four special forces soldiers and a customs officer, along with two officers from the state mining department and other plainclothes personnel, disembarked the helicopter and handed paperwork to Barrick employees authorizing them to seize gold.
The source added that the second shipment was made in the evening.
The gold that Barrick's mines seized is currently in the vaults at the Banque Malienne de Solidarite, a state-owned bank in Bamako. The bank declined comment.
Barrick, the company that confirmed the seizure, has announced it will suspend operations at Loulo-Gounkoto.
According to the Jan. 2, order, the seizure of Bristow's and other Barrick employee's property was taken as a precautionary measure in connection with the money laundering charges and other unspecified crimes against Bristow.
Two sources claim that Barrick has resisted the government's request to migrate to the 2023 mining code due to increased taxes.
Barrick's mining license will be renewed next year. The government has indicated that it may refuse the permit.
A source who had previously consulted with the Malian government said that the government wanted leverage in the negotiation while the company was looking to secure a long-term contract renewal at favorable terms.
The person stated, "I don't think they trust each other but no one is interested in a split-up."
Some investors are predicting a difficult road for Barrick Mali. They even think the company may lose its assets.
Martin Pradier is a materials analyst with Veritas, a Toronto-based investment research firm that covers Barrick. The exchange rate is $1 = 626.7500 CFA francs. (Additional reporting from Tiemoko and Fadimata in Bamako. Writing by David Lewis, Portia Crowe and Daniel Flynn. Editing by Silvia Aloisi, Veronica Brown, and Daniel Flynn.
(source: Reuters)