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Texas grid warns of risks when data centers and crypto sites fail voltage testing

According to the Texas grid operator, several large data centers and crypto-facilities planning to connect to the Texas power grid ahead of summer peak demand failed to pass 'key reliability tests. This increases the risk of power failures just as electricity usage reaches its seasonal high.

Data centers are causing power grids to be stressed across the United States. Data centers, unlike traditional industrial customers who tend to draw electricity steadily, are designed to disconnect from the grid as soon as there is a problem to protect equipment and maintain services. This makes them a potentially unstable and unpredictable force on grids that are already under pressure due to rising demand.

The Electric Reliability Council of Texas, in a report dated 21 May, said that four groups of large electricity consumers, including data centers, were abruptly disconnected during a test of their ability to handle voltage disturbances.

It can cause wider outages when large customers suddenly reduce their electricity use. ERCOT, which manages electricity in most of Texas said that it had reviewed approximately 20 gigawatts from large customers who wanted to connect to its system. This included eight projects, totaling about 3.9 gigawatts, which were aiming to begin before July 1. The company said that it had identified four large groups of power users who could trigger a demand trip of more than 5,000 Megawatts under certain fault conditions.

These abrupt drops in demand were equal to the electricity consumed by a large city like Boston. ERCOT is currently reviewing test failures to develop plans for protecting the grid against?disruptions. ERCOT has made voltage ride-through failures a priority, as they are a growing risk with more data centers and crypto miners connected to the grid.

ERCOT has recorded at least 26 instances since 2023 where data centers and crypto mining facilities were abruptly disconnected from the grid due to their inability to handle disruptions in electricity flow.

A failed transformer in a west Texas substation caused 400 crypto-miners, oil and gas production and data centers to be unplugged without warning. According to ERCOT, the mass disconnection caused a surplus of nearly 1,700 megawatts, or 5% of total grid demand. It also forced 112 Megawatts to be shut down.

ERCOT has tightened interconnection requirements and performance standards, and new rules have been introduced to ensure that such facilities are able to ride through voltage and frequencies disturbances without being disconnected. (Tim McLaughlin in Boston; Editing by Sanjeev Miglani)

(source: Reuters)