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US PJM Power Grid Auction Prices to Stabilize Near Record Highs

The largest U.S. Grid Operator, PJM Interconnection, has set a temporary price limit to help curb the rising costs for consumers and businesses.

The auction prices, which are aimed at securing sufficient electricity to cover the most-demanding days on the PJM Grid covering 13 states of the Mid-Atlantic region and Midwest, have soared in recent years to record highs largely 'because the demand from data centres has outstripped the supply. Since 2024, the so-called "capacity prices" determined by the auction jumped more than 1,000% due to this imbalance in supply and demand. This has increased energy bills for people living in PJM regions, which is about one-fifth of Americans.

PJM, in response to pressure from a group of governors in various regions, has temporarily capped the prices at its capacity auctions at around $325 per megawatt day.

According to a recent statement from the grid operator, the price cap was in place during last year's sale, so prices should remain roughly unchanged for this year. The latest results will be announced at 4 pm EDT on Thursday, and they will take effect in 2028.

POWER SUPPLY CUSHION

Power plant operators are paid capacity prices to ensure that they can provide electricity at the times when demand is highest.

These incentives are also intended to encourage the construction of new plants. After nearly two decades in which power consumption growth stagnated in PJM the region suffered net?losses' of electricity just as energy-intensive data centres began to appear.

During its capacity 'auction' in December, PJM came up about 6 gigawatts shy of achieving the required power cushion to meet its reliability standard. For reference, one gigawatt is enough electricity to power approximately 750,000 homes.

Other factors that contributed to the?rise in capacity prices include PJM recalculating available supplies during winter, when electricity from solar and natural gas-fired plant is lower than it was during the summer, and retirement of fossil fuel-fired?power plants over a period of years.

The grid operator is currently overhauling its market structure, adding new rules and regulations to accommodate the new electricity demand of data centers and large energy consumers such as advanced manufacturers. (Reporting and editing by Emelia Sithole Matarise in New York)

(source: Reuters)