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Syria's Aviation Comeback Struggles amid Regional Unrest

Industry officials say that poor infrastructure, regional conflict, and Israeli airstrikes have prevented more airlines from returning. This is hampering efforts to rebuild Syria's economy, which has been ravaged by 14 years of civil warfare.

At least 11 foreign airlines will fly to Syria this month. This is up from only three a year earlier, as sanctions have been rolled back since the overthrow in December 2024 of Bashar al Assad, Syria's longtime leader.

The world's largest airline, Emirates of Dubai, as well as the first two European Union airlines to fly into Syria in 2011 are Romania's Dan Air, and Greece's Air Mediterranean.

Last month, airlines like Royal Jordanian Airlines, FlyDubai Airlines, Turkish Airlines, and Qatar Airways were forced to cancel a large number of flights that they had just launched because the Middle East's airspace was closed off to civil aviation due to the air and missile attacks by Israel, the U.S., and Iran.

Also, there are dangers close to home. Israel launched strikes on Syrian government forces for the second day in southwestern Syria, Tuesday. It promised to demilitarize the area and protect the Druze minorities there.

Airlines are concerned about the management and infrastructure of Syria's aviation industry.

The International Air Transport Association, a trade association, said that progress was needed in the regulatory oversight, infrastructure investments, and compliance with international standards of safety and operation.

Officials at Damascus Airport and Syria's Aviation regulator said that major carriers like Lufthansa, Air France KLM and others, who used to fly into Syria before the war, visited Damascus to assess infrastructure and former offices.

Both airlines said they were not interested in restarting flights at this time.

Last month, the small Romanian airline Dan Air opened its Bucharest-Damascus route.

Matt Ian David, CEO of Dan Air, said that the logistics and regulatory complexity was what had held back operators up until now. He added that now sanctions have been eased to make Syria more accessible.

Emirates resumed its flights over Syria at the end May for the first since the civil conflict, shaving an hour from a Dubai-Beirut flight.

Several countries, such as the United States and Britain, advise their airlines not to fly over Syria. The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) warns that "there are risks of both deliberate targeting and misidentification civil aircraft".

Syria's civil aviation authority announced that it had reopened the airspace to all users on June 24.

The two runways of Damascus Airport were damaged by bombs during the civil conflict, but they have now been repaired. The airport was looted as well during the chaos that followed Assad's downfall.

Alaa Sallal is the director of public relations for Syria's Civil Aviation Authority. He said that a number airlines have inspected security and infrastructure.

Sallal stated that the airport construction was in a dilapidated state, and equipment was worn-out or missing.

He said that the country lacks radar equipment, and is dependent on Lebanese radar or Turkish radar for monitoring air traffic.

In a statement made earlier this month, the head of Syria's General Authority for Civil Aviation said that it wished to build new airports at Damascus and Aleppo as well as in central Syria. This will require time and money, which the war-ravaged nation may not have.

NEW AIRLINES

Most of the Iranian and Iraqi carriers who served Syria during its long conflict are no longer flying there. This reflects a change in political landscape following the overthrow of Assad by Iran and Russia.

First to resume flights under Ahmed al-Sharaa, the new president, were the flag carriers of Qatar, and Turkey. Both countries supported the Syrian rebels during the war.

The Turkish transport ministry said that Turkey, as a close ally to the new government, had been improving Syria's airports.

Emirates said that the return of its Dubai-Damascus flight on Wednesday was the first since 2012. The flights will help to strengthen ties between the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Syria, as well as attract investment.

Flyadeal, a Saudi budget airline, has announced that it will soon begin flying to Syria.

Others may have less reason to return, as Syria wasn't a big market even before the war. Those who flew there - Russia’s Aeroflot and Air France, Lufthansa’s Austrian Airways, LOT Polish, IAG’s Iberia, Italy’s ITA, Czech Airlines and China Southern – have not returned.

Despite recent increases, the number international flights to Syria is still well below the pre-war level. Cirium data show that scheduled flights were 58% lower in July than they were in 2010.

IATA stated that the lifting of sanctions has opened up new pathways for improved access to aircraft maintenance services, parts and certain commercial transactions. Visa restrictions for Syrian nationals have limited the mobility of passengers and the growth of the market.

(source: Reuters)