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Southeast Asia's budget airline sector is aiming for recovery, but fuel scars remain

Southeast Asia's budget airlines hope the worst fuel crisis from the Middle East is behind them, but they face a "difficult" second half due to margin pressures and strained household budgets.

AirAsia, Singapore Airlines and Cebu Pacific's latest quarterly results show that attempts to recover fuel costs by raising fares failed. AirAsia, Cebu Pacific and Scoot all reported losses. Scoot saw its operating loss almost double.

The results revealed a strain at the core of the low-cost airline model. Fuel costs are higher than full-service airlines but the price-sensitive nature of passengers leaves carriers with less room to raise fares without reducing demand.

The weakened dollar against the?Malaysian Ringgit, Thai Baht, Indonesian Rupiah, and Philippine Peso increased fuel and aircraft lease costs, which are usually priced in U.S. dollars.

Mike Szucs, CEO of Cebu Pacific, said in a recent earnings call that the second quarter had been "the most challenging operating environment Cebu Pacific faced since the pandemic."

Another executive stated that the airline's fuel costs had more than doubled compared to a year ago, with the impact being magnified by the 8% depreciation of the peso. Cebu Pacific hedged 30% of its fuel requirements for the third quarter at less than $120 per barrel in order to ensure near-term security.

Nathan Gee is the head of Asia-Pacific Transportation Research at BofA Global Research. He said that full-service airlines were better protected due to a?strong demand for premium passengers after the pandemic. He said that budget carriers are less likely to benefit from the pandemic because they offer more basic products and have smaller loyalty programs.

Betting on a Fourth-Quarter Recovery

AirAsia has prepared for a slow third quarter. It says that this is the weakest period for regional travel. AirAsia plans to reduce seat capacity in the third quarter by 20 to 25 percent compared to last year, return 25 older planes to lessors between 2026-2027 and suspend the Sydney-Kuala Lumpur flight from October. This is part of a larger network recalibration.

Bo Lingam, CEO of the airline, said in a press release that it was adopting a "deliberate and tactical approach" in order to protect the bottom line. Jet fuel prices averaged $183 per barrel during the second quarter. AirAsia recorded an $82 million net loss on foreign exchange.

Lingam stated that the airline anticipates restoring capacity to prewar levels in fourth quarter with forward bookings in line with last years.

Scoot continues to increase capacity, as the demand is strong. Scoot's passenger unit costs rose 21.7% during the three-month period ending in June. This pushed its operating loss from S$17 to S$32, despite higher fares.

Scoot would have had to fill all seats to cover its operating costs, compared to an actual load of 90.6%.

Calvin Chan, Scoot's Chief Commercial Officer, said that the airline's fare adjustments have not completely offset the higher fuel prices. The Middle East conflict continues to cloud the future.

Gee? said that a decline in fuel costs would not only ease immediate pressure on airlines but also encourage them to compete more aggressively with fares and restore capacity.

He said that intra-Asian routes are particularly vulnerable because the supply of narrowbody aircraft is recovering faster than widebody jets. This additional?capacity may not be enough to meet the weaker demand.

Brendan Sobie, an independent aviation analyst, said that the middle class in Southeast Asia could be unable to travel during the peak season and for the remainder of the year due to tight budgets.

He said, "The short-term prospects are rather bleak." While there is some hope for improvement in the fourth-quarter, it's too early to tell.

(source: Reuters)