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India counted on coal and gas power to deal with heatwave: Kemp

India ramped up coalfired and gasfired generation to meet record load throughout the prolonged heatwave in May and June, highlighting the electricity system's continuing dependence on fossil fuels regardless of quick growth in renewables.

The transmission network fulfilled record loads in both May and June, totalling 309 billion kilowatt-hours (kWh), up from 275 billion kWh in the same period in 2023 and 270 billion kWh in 2022.

Coal-fired generators rose production to a record 233 billion kWh, from 209 billion kWh in 2023 and 202 billion kWh in 2022, according to data from the Central Electrical Energy Authority.

Gas-fired generators likewise improved their output to 10 billion kWh, from 6 billion kWh in 2022, and the greatest given that 2020.

Chartbook: India electrical energy generation

State-owned and private-sector gas generators responded to federal government instructions to increase output in addition to the fall in imported gas prices compared with 2023 and 2022.

Gas-fired generators went beyond organized output by 60% in June and 70% in May, as plants performed at the equivalent of complete load for more than a quarter of all hours in both months.

As a result, fossil fuel generators satisfied more than 80%. of the boost in overall load throughout the pre-monsoon heatwave.

ENHANCED GRID RELIABILITY

With a lot extra generation offered, the transmission. network stayed steady regardless of record airconditioning and. refrigeration need throughout northern India.

Transmission frequency fell below the minimum appropriate. limit of 49.9 cycles per 2nd (Hertz) just 4.5% of the. time in June and 2.3% in May.

Total periods of under-frequency had been cut from 6.5% in. June and 9.8% in May 2022, according to performance data from. Grid India.

Frequency is the most typical utilized step of grid tension,. and durations of under-frequency show the grid having a hard time to. create enough to satisfy load.

Less, shorter durations of under-frequency this year show. there was a more comfortable balance in between generation and. load, notwithstanding surging temperatures.

PREPARING AND OPERATIONS

India's fossil generators benefited from substantial preparation,. guaranteeing they got in the peak demand duration with numerous. stocks that continued to be resupplied up throughout the. heatwave.

Generators held a near-record 50 million of coal inventories. at the end of April, up from 36 million tonnes at the same point. in 2023, and the greatest for the time of year considering that the pandemic. in 2020.

Throughout the heatwave, the country's coal mines despatched a. record 145 million tonnes to generators in May and June, up from. 133 million tonnes in May and June 2023 and 131 million in 2022.

Mines sent a record number of fully loaded coal trains to. power plants, keeping stocks topped up regardless of record combustion. and guaranteeing plants could start up when bought by grid. controllers.

The number of coal trains or rakes despatched to. generators averaged 289 daily this year from 259 per day in. May-June 2023 and 276 each day in May-June 2022.

Plentiful gas stocks in Europe and more affordable global LNG. costs likewise helped, making sure generators could afford to purchase. enough fuel to run plants for many more hours than in the last. 2 years.

FOSSIL FUEL RELIANCE

In the last 6 years, India has deployed large quantities of. renewable generation capability, especially solar photovoltaic. generation.

Sustainable capability has grown at a compound yearly rate of. 13% considering that the end of 2018, with solar capability rising almost 24%. annually, compared with annual development of less than 2% in thermal. capability.

As an outcome, renewables represented a third of all. capacity at the end of June 2024, up from a fifth at the of. 2018. Fossil generators' share of total capability had diminished to. 54% from almost 64% five years earlier.

Throughout the heatwave, nevertheless, it was ability to run fossil. fuel generators uncommonly hard, with sufficient budget-friendly fuel on. hand, that kept airconditioners working.

Associated columns:

- India runs power plants flat out to keep cool in heatwave. and election (May 31, 2024)

- India's coal mines and generators easily satisfy record power. need (April 30, 2024)

- India generates record seasonal coal stocks as mine output. surges( February 28, 2024)

- India rebuilds coal stocks to ensure electrical. dependability( January 31, 2024)

John Kemp is a Reuters market analyst. The views expressed. are his own. Follow his commentary on X https://twitter.com/JKempEnergy.

(source: Reuters)