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As aid needs increase, rebel-held ports of eastern DR Congo reopen.

On Tuesday, boat traffic resumed in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo’s Lake Kivu after ports were reopened in two cities that have fallen to the M23 rebels. The United Nations noted this could ease access to humanitarian assistance following weeks of fighting and looting.

M23, a rebel group backed by Rwanda, is trying to prove it can govern the cities of Goma Bukavu while government officials and U.N. officials are warning of an imminent humanitarian catastrophe that could include outbreaks of diseases such as cholera.

World Food Programme reported that looters had stolen 7,000 metric tonnes of food as the Congolese army withdrew and rebels entered Bukavu over the weekend.

Operator Lweni Nadale confirmed that a passenger boat left Bukavu for Goma on Tuesday morning. It was his first trip since late January when Goma fell under M23.

The U.N. humanitarian office stated that the return of boat traffic will allow aid groups access to Idjwi Island on Lake Kivu, where more than 100,000 refugees had sought refuge.

The airport in Goma remains closed despite the U.N. describing it as the lifeline of aid. This could make scaling up operations difficult.

Arrival of M23 forces in Bukavu dealt another blow to Kinshasa and escalated the conflict, which has raised fears of a regional war.

The Burundian and Congolese troops allied with them retreated from the city in order to avoid fighting near densely populated areas.

The M23, a well-equipped rebel group led by ethnic Tutsi in Congo's volatile eastern region, is the latest in an illustrious line of ethnic Tutsi rebel groups.

Rwanda denies allegations made by Congo, the United Nations, and Western powers that the country supports the group through arms and troops. It claims to be defending itself from the threat of a Hutu-led militia that it claims is fighting alongside the Congolese army.

Congo rejects Rwanda’s complaint and claims that Rwanda used its proxy militias for looting its minerals.

In a letter sent to the president of the U.N. Security Council, Zenon Gay Mukongo blamed the "inaction" of the Council on the fall of Bukavu, and the reinforcement by rebel forces in the region. Reporting by Congo Newsroom, Additional reporting by Sonia Rolley and Michelle Nichols from New York and Paris; Writing by Robbie Corey Boulet; Editing Angus MacSwan

(source: Reuters)