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Maguire: US power pollution increases with increased coal use

The U.S. power industry has already reached its highest level in three years. However, emissions will continue to rise during the summer peak months due to increased use of air conditioners and coal and gas plants.

According to Ember, the U.S. power industry's emissions due to the burning of fossil energy increased by 5% in the first five month of 2025 to 640 millions metric tons.

As gas prices have risen, power companies have reduced their natural gas usage. This has led to a 32 million ton increase in emissions.

The increased use of air conditioners in homes and offices has led to a rise in electricity demand.

These higher generation trends, in turn, will further increase the total pollution levels of the power sector even though electricity production from renewable sources like solar farms has reached record highs.

COAL-HEAVY

According to LSEG, the coal-fired electricity generation in the United States increased by 14% compared to the same period of 2024. This equates to 14,9 million megawatt hours.

The main driver of this increase in coal usage was the steep rise in natural gas prices during the first quarter of the current year. This increased cost pressure for utilities and encouraged them to use cheaper coal in their generation mix.

LSEG data indicates that Henry Hub natural Gas Futures, the main benchmark for U.S. Natural Gas, have averaged $3.53 per BTU (million British thermal units) this year.

This compares with an average price of $2.15 BTU in the first half 2024.

According to LSEG, the gas-fired electricity production from January to June decreased by 4.2%, to 31.8 millions MWh.

The U.S.'s higher percentage of coal-fired power in the generation mix has a major impact on emissions.

According to Ember, coal-fired power plants emit approximately 950,000 metric tonnes of carbon dioxide for every terawatt of electricity produced.

This compares to about 540,000 tons CO2 per TWh for gas-fired power plants. It explains why fossil fuel energy output has risen much more than overall fossil fuel emission this year.

Peak Period

There are two distinct peak times of electricity use in the U.S. every year: heating in winter and cooling in summer.

Since more than a decade now, the amount of power used in the summer is greater than the amount needed for heating. This is because air conditioners use more electricity.

The trend is expected to continue this year after the U.S. experienced record-breaking heatwaves in the second half of June. Further hot spells are predicted for July, August, and September.

In order to meet this increase in electricity demand, utilities will require more power from all sources of production, but particularly from fossil fuels, which is needed to cover the majority of system usage at night, when solar generation ceases.

Gas prices are still well above the levels of last year, so most power plants will continue to prefer coal over gas.

This will lead to a new rise in power emissions. They are already at the highest level since 2022, and they are on track to reach their annual peak during the next few months as the power companies use all their power to meet the demand.

These are the opinions of the columnist, an author for.

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(source: Reuters)