Latest News

Taiwanese launch of rocket could be an early test for Japan's space hub plans

Taiwanese startup hopes to be the first foreign company to launch a satellite from Japan in early 2019. This is part of an industry plan that advocates believe will help Tokyo achieve its ambitions to become a space hub for Asia.

As Japan tries to double its 4 trillion yen (26 billion dollars) space industry in the next decade, the planned suborbital TiSpace launch has been delayed due to regulatory obstacles and delays.

The private company, founded in 2016 by former and current officials of Taiwan's space agency has never had a successful rocket launch. The company's latest attempt to launch a rocket via its sister firm AtSpace in Australia, in 2022, was unsuccessful due to an oxidizer spill. The design of the rocket that will be tested in Japan differs from its predecessor.

In an interview, TiSpace Chairman Yen-sen Chen said: "This (planned release) should be a good case for Japan's government." If everything goes well, you'll attract more customers.

He stated that the firm was waiting for one final regulatory approval. A radio permit will allow the launch of his company's 12-metre sounding rocket (39 ft), which he hopes to occur in early 2025. A sounding missile can reach space, but not orbit.

Analysts have suggested that launching a Taiwanese missile in Japan could attract the attention of China. China claims Taiwan, despite the protests of the Taipei government, and closely monitors Taiwan's advances in missile technology. Chen stated that he has not yet heard of any concerns.

The Chinese foreign ministry claimed that it "did not know the relevant circumstances" surrounding the launch.

Japan's Cabinet Office stated that "free economic activities and research are guaranteed in Japan, within the scope and laws and regulations". In March 2023, an official from Taiwan's defacto embassy in Japan visited TiSpace as part of a courtesy visit. The embassy refused to comment on the matter further and said that the launch was a privately-sector issue.

TiSpace is currently the only Taiwanese firm to attempt launches. Wu Jong Shinn, one of the other co-founders of TiSpace, is the current head of Taiwan's Space Agency. The agency refused to comment on the relationship it has with TiSpace, and stated that all of its launch services were conducted by public tender.

The venture has been embraced by the Japanese space industry, particularly in remote Taiki, an agricultural town on the northern island Hokkaido that will host the launch. Both officials and experts highlight the advantages of inviting foreign companies.

Yuko Nakagawa, a lawmaker from the ruling party representing Taiki, and other nearby communities, described TiSpace as "a symbol for Taiwan-Japan friendly relations" and an impetus to build a business complex, which local officials refer to as a "space Silicon Valley".

According to the latest plans, Japan's private space industry is expected to reach a value of more than $50 billion in the early 2030s. It will also launch 30 rockets per year and be Asia's hub for space transportation.

Jun Kazeki - the Cabinet Office's top official in charge of Japan's space policy - declined to comment on TiSpace. He said that although there may be future opportunities to use overseas transportation technology, the Japanese government is prioritising Japanese rockets.

Typically, government launches are carried out using Japanese boosters like the Mitsubishi Heavy Industries' H3. Many private satellite operators use outside Japan foreign launch companies like SpaceX or ArianeGroup.

Senior Japanese officials involved in the space industry warned that foreign companies launching orbital payloads out of Japan would be subject to close government scrutiny as well as high regulatory hurdles.

The central government is not required to approve the launch because the Space Activities Act of Japan does not cover sub-orbital flights such as those conducted by TiSpace. Tokyo intends to amend the law to include suborbital flight and reusable rockets. However, it is expected that this will take many years.

Local Industry

Motoko Mizuno is an opposition legislator and former official of JAXA (the country's space agency). She said that she was hesitant about Japan opening its doors to foreign companies with whom local launchers may not be able compete on price.

Japan and the United States are negotiating an agreement on space technology protections that could pave the path for commercial launches by the United States in Japan.

While JAXA launched rockets developed in Japan for many decades, the private rocket industry of Japan is still very young.

Space One's rocket blew up in its first launch, which took place in March, with the backing of Aerospace giant IHI. Interstellar Technologies, based in Taiki, became the first Japanese company to launch a sounding space rocket but did not follow up with an orbital flight.

Yoshinori Odagiri is the CEO of Space Cotan which operates Hokkaido Spaceport, in Taiki. He said that a few European companies had expressed an interest in the launch complex.

Tadashi Morimitsu is a local official from the Oita Prefecture in southwestern Japan. The prefecture has partnered with U.S. company Sierra Space to develop a spaceport in Hokkaido. He said that TiSpace's success in Hokkaido represents a "welcome phenomena" of foreign space companies using Japanese spaceports.

Alessio Botti, principal of Boston Consulting Group, said that more than fifty spaceports were being built around the world. However, he believes only five to ten will be successful and self-sustaining over time.

If the test launch of TiSpace is successful, TiSpace plans to expand their manufacturing capacity in Japan so that they can serve Japanese customers.

Letara from Hokkaido has already asked if TiSpace could test its satellite propulsion system in space.

Shota Hirai, co-founder of Letara, said: "We do not ask whether the company is domestically or internationally based as long as it can launch." ($1 = 156,4800 yen). (Reporting and writing by John Geddie. Editing and proofreading by Gerd Doyle. Additional reporting by Sakura Murakami.

(source: Reuters)