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The key issues discussed at the Trump-Xi meeting in South Korea

U.S. president Donald Trump met China’s leader Xi Jinping in a meeting on Thursday. The U.S. said the summit produced an agreement on a variety of trade and technological issues that had ratcheted-up tensions between the two world's largest economies.

Xi was quoted by the Chinese state media as saying that both sides had "reached a consensual" on resolving important economic and trade matters.

According to the U.S., here are some key points discussed:

TARIFFS

Trump announced that he would immediately lower tariffs against China by 10%.

Trump said that Beijing had agreed to resume U.S. purchases of soybeans, promised to maintain rare earths exports, and assured him that China would crackdown on illicit fentanyl trade.

Trump claimed that U.S. Tariffs on China will fall to 47% from 57% following the immediate suspension by Trump of a 10% levied imposed over fentanyl.

Trump threatened to impose an additional 100% tariff on Chinese goods starting November 1, in response to China's increased rare earth export controls. However, he assured reporters aboard Air Force One that the threat was not going to be fulfilled.

He said that the United States-China broad trade agreement would last for a year. He added that he expects it to be renewed every year.

FENTANYL

Trump said Xi promised "strong actions" against the export of precursor chemicals that are used to produce fentanyl, which is responsible for nearly 450,000 U.S. deaths due to overdose.

Trump added that he was expecting Xi to take "very tough measures" against those who didn't obey.

Beijing wanted to eliminate fentanyl duties because it said that enforcement had been stepped up.

China has expressed its "sympathy", in the past, for the fentanyl crises in the United States. It also said that it needed to take action to curb the demand for drugs.

RARE EARTHS

Trump claimed that the agreement reached with Xi removed the roadblocks regarding China's tightening of export controls on rare earth metals in April. These measures caused shortages of rare-earth magnets, which are needed in advanced manufacturing including automobiles.

Beijing has yet to comment on the specifics of the changes Trump described.

China produces 90% of all rare earths and rare Earth magnets that are used in modern electronics, including smartphones and fighter jets.

SOYBEAN PURCHASES

Trump claimed that China, which imports more than 60% the world's soybeans, has committed to buying U.S. agricultural products and soybeans.

Due to the trade conflict, Beijing effectively boycotted U.S. soya bean imports this past year. This has hurt U.S. producers.

China purchased its first cargoes U.S. soya beans in several months ahead of the meeting. Trump praised this gesture as a show of goodwill.

In 2023 and 2024, China purchased more than half the soybeans grown in the United States. U.S. exports reached a peak in 2022, with a total value of $17.92billion.

SEMICONDUCTORS

Trump stated that the two parties had discussed China's ability to access U.S. chips, including AI chip made by Nvidia, an industry leader. Trump said the Blackwell chip was not included in this discussion.

In the lead-up to Thursday’s meeting, Chinese authorities tightened controls on Nvidia chips imports. They also urged local tech companies to purchase locally.

China has pledged to develop strategic industries to achieve technological independence. It sees this as a key move to strengthen its position amid an intensifying rivalry between the United States and China.

Since 2019, the United States has tried to limit China's ability to access advanced chips. Export controls were increased under the Biden administration.

TAIWAN

Trump claimed that Taiwan was never discussed in his discussions with Xi.

Experts had expressed concern that Trump could offer concessions on Taiwan. U.S. law mandates that Washington provide Taiwan with the necessary means to defend themselves.

Trump's position on the island, which is democratically run and claimed by China, has changed since he took office in January. Trump has not approved any new U.S. weapons sales to Taipei.

Chinese state media reported on Sunday that Chinese H-6K Bombers flew close to Taiwan recently in order to practice "confrontation exercises." Reporting by Liangping Gao, Kevin Yao and Clarence Fernandez.

(source: Reuters)