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Guyana's oil exports increase, gaining a market share of Europe in 2024

Guyana's oil output increased 54% to 582,000 barrels a day last year, fueled by European refiners who wanted to replace Middle Eastern crude grades with sweet crudes that were easy to process.

The burgeoning oil country has become the fifth largest Latin American crude oil exporter since it began exporting oil early in 2020. It is now behind Brazil, Mexico and Venezuela. Guyana's lighter, sweeter crude grades are gaining market share in Europe. Most refineries there aren't as complicated as those on the Gulf Coast and Latin America, which typically offer heavy, sour oils.

A trader for Latin American grades who was not authorized by the media to speak said that Europe is the best market for Guyana crude.

He added that Europe was the fastest to adopt and test Guyana's crude grades, Liza, Unity Gold, and Payara Gold, due to their proximity, high quality, and ease of access to suppliers. Shipping data shows that in 2024, Guyana exported 66% or 388,000 bpd of its crude oil to Europe compared to 62% last year. Guyana's crude oil gained popularity in Europe after the Russian invasion of Ukraine 2022. Many refiners avoided sanctioned Russian oil and sought alternative supplies.

Homayoun Falikshahi is a senior analyst at Kpler, who specializes in data analytics. He said that last year, the attacks in the Red Sea affected the oil flows coming from the Middle East. This gave crudes from Guyana, Brazil and other countries a better chance of finding buyers in Europe.

He added that the higher freight costs for moving oil from the Persian Gulf into the Mediterranean or Northwest Europe made Guyanese Crude more attractive to European refiners.

OPENING ROUTES

The LSEG data also showed that exports from Guyana to the United States almost doubled last year, to 23,000 bpd. Exports to Asia increased by a smaller amount, to 139,000 bpd. The sales to Latin America and Caribbean remained almost the same at 32,000 bpd. Exports have increased due to the expansion of three floating production units led by U.S. oil giant Exxon Mobil. A fourth facility is expected to add 250,000 bpd capacity in this year.

According to Kpler, Exxon Fawley refinery is the largest buyer of Guyanese oil in Europe.

Exxon Hess, CNOOC and Exxon Hess, who control the entire oil and gas production in Guyana sell their barrels individually, whereas the Guyanese Government awards each year a marketing contract for its share of the output.

BB Energy, a European trading firm, and JE Energy, a global energy company won the contract in 2025 for a second consecutive year. The auction was held in a highly competitive environment with other producers from around the world. In October, the government announced that it had secured a higher premium than market prices this time.

Guyana's Energy Minister Vickram Bharrat said that since the two trading companies are based in Britain, they were expected to market the crude oil in Europe successfully.

"However there is no preferential market," he said in reference to the markets that the government would most like to see its oil reach.

Exxon's consortium currently has three projects in operation - Liza 1 & 2, and Payara. These were producing around 675 000 bpd by the end of last year after upgrades. Exxon will receive a fourth production vessel within the next few months and begin work on Yellowtail this year.

Exxon has not commented on its Guyanese crude oil marketing efforts. However, last month it said that 60% of the company's upstream production will come from its "advantaged asset" which includes Guyana.

(source: Reuters)