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Romania shoots down a third Russian drone as the president declares breaches to be 'intolerable.'
The Romanian defence ministry announced on Sunday that an F-16 fighter jet pilot had shot down a Russian drone over the Black Sea. This was the latest in a string of airspace violations by NATO members, which?President Nicusor Dan deemed "inadmissible" and "intolerable". Romania shares a land border of 650 km (400 miles) with Ukraine, and Russian drones repeatedly violated Romania's airspace throughout the four-year Ukraine conflict. Moscow has intensified its attacks on Ukrainian ports located across the Danube River. Romania hadn't destroyed any drones before Friday, when a Romanian was able to safely bring down one in an uninhabited region. Three drones have been destroyed in the last few days. Dan wrote in X Sunday that it was "inadmissible" and "intolerable" for the Russian Federation continue to violate Romania's airspace. This is also NATO and European Union airspace. He said: "Such acts are unacceptable and we treat them seriously, along with our allies." Moscow has not yet made any public comments on the incident. ROMANIA SUMMITS?RUSSIAN ambassador OVER AIRSPACE BREACHES NATO said that additional details about Sunday's incident are being investigated. "The shootdowns are occurring as NATO, Romania and other nations acquire ground-based interceptors in order to enhance the allied and national capabilities of air defence," said U.S. Army Col. Martin O'Donnell. He is a spokesperson for NATO's Military Headquarters. Dan said that Romania identified the drone used on Friday as a Shahed type unmanned aerial vehicle, which is commonly used by Russian forces. Dan also stated that investigations were still ongoing into those who were shot down Saturday and Sunday. The Romanian Foreign Ministry said that it summoned Russia's ambassador "following repeated violations". Ilie Bolojan, the Prime Minister of Romania, called these violations "inacceptable". The defence ministry said that the drone was safely shot down in the incident on Sunday, 12 km north-east of the coastal town of Sulina, above territorial waters. "Romania is committed to protecting its airspace and sovereignty, but we must put an end to these provocations," said Radu?Miruta, Romanian Minister of Defence on Facebook. According to the defence ministry, Russian drones have violated national airspace 33 times without permission since the start of war. This includes Sunday's violation. The prosecution has recovered fragments from the drone that was shot down on Friday but is still searching for the pieces of the other two. Romania's chief of army said on Friday that Russian attacks in the area around Odesa, Ukraine, had intensified ahead of harvest season. This increased pressure on vital energy and trade routes along the Black Sea. (Reporting and editing by Joe Bavier, Alan Charlish, Luiza Ilie)
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Modi's aura is tarnished by India's Instagram generation Z ahead of state elections
Narendra Modi posted a rare video of himself, saying he was sorry for their suffering and promised to take remedial measures. The late-night video posted on Instagram by CJP, which had amassed 22 million mostly Gen Z followers within a few days in May, did not satisfy the thousands who had gathered to protest in central Delhi and braved the massive police crackdown a couple of days before. The education minister resigned on Saturday in response to the main protesters' demand. This was a rare setback for Modi. Dharmendra Pradhan's resignation as Education Minister is a major victory for the CJP. Their young supporters openly mocked Modi with raps, posters and graffiti. This was an unthinkable event only a few weeks ago in a nation whose politics have been dominated almost exclusively by Modi ever since he took power in 2014. Sanjay Srivastava is an anthropology professor from SOAS University of London. He said that a large number of those who attended the protest were likely his supporters. "What could be interpreted as an achievement is that a wider cross-section now questions the government." A wider group of people are now questioning the notion that the government is good for the nation. Analysts said that the protests were sparked by a leaked "medical entrance exam". But there are also other issues. These include youth unemployment, and fears among young people that AI might take away their jobs at places like India's IT back offices. Amitabh T. Tiwari, a political analyst, said that the paper leak was a "trigger point". It is "largely" a reflection on the anxiety, nervousness and discontent among youth. Rajnath Singh, Modi's senior colleague in the cabinet, said that "understanding our students' real concerns and addressing them quickly is the top priority of government". GOVERNMENT IS OUT OF TOUCH WITH GEN Z, SAYS ANALYST Tiwari stated that Indians between 18 and 40 years old make up approximately 40% of the population, but only 10% of the seats in lower house parliament. This is down from the more than double the number of seats they held in 1950. The average age of the cabinet is over 60. The CJP, though not a political group, has tried to take advantage of the opportunity they saw in the recent protests against Modi by taking up their cause. Next year, Modi's state Gujarat and the state with the highest population of Uttar Pradesh could see the first test of youth anger. Both Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat are run by the BJP. Modi's biggest risk could be the national elections of 2029 if the CJP becomes a political party. Abhijeet Dimple, its founder, said that no decision has been taken yet about joining electoral politics. Analysts claim that young voters have voted mainly along religious or class lines in the past, resulting in a vote for Modi's Hindu-nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party. But things could be changing. A Gen Z actor, who ran for his party and was allied with the opposition parties, was elected as chief minister of Tamil Nadu in the southern state. His Instagram-first fanbase propelled him to victory. Anurag Minus verma, an author, said: "This has been a moment for reckoning for Modi. It shows that he is completely out of touch with the wants of Gen Z." "For many years, the BJP’s digital strategy focused on platforms such as X where most of the political?conversation occurred. Instagram is now the place where people are talking about politics, especially among young users. The BJP has 23 million followers on X and 18 million on Facebook, while Modi's personal followers are massive, ranging between 60 and 107 millions. Modi has between 60 to 107 million followers across all social media platforms. The BJP only has 18 million followers on Facebook and 23 million on X. Santosh Desai, a columnist, said: "You have to be authentic on Instagram." "Pre-laboured and carefully massaged messages will not work. This medium was developed by this generation, and it is what it is today because of this generation. This generation does not reverence the past." Modi's government has been resisting the pressure to sack ministers for a decade. Modi had to face protests from Indian farmers for almost a year in order to repeal controversial farm laws. Tiwari stated that "a leader who is willing to listen will do well in the future." Modi wants to demonstrate this. Reporting by Tora Aggarwala in New Delhi and Krishna N. Das Editing by Gareth Jones
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Flooding and torrential rains are possible in Southern China following the landfall of Noul
Typhoon Noul hit southern China early Sunday morning, bringing torrential rainfall and gale force winds to the province of Guangdong and Hong Kong. Authorities warned that heavy rains and storms would continue until Tuesday. Noul is the 12th tropical storm of the year, and the third one to strike China in this month. Authorities said that it has forced more than 700,000. people to relocate in Guangdong Province. Noul, China's strongest typhoon in 2026 so far, hit the coast of Huidong County in the southern Guangdong Province at 3:50 am Saturday (1950 GMT) as a powerful typhoon. State broadcaster CCTV said that as the storm moves inland, it will bring heavy rain and strong winds to southern provinces, including Jiangxi, Hunan and Jiangxi. The rainfall is likely to continue 'until Tuesday. The National Meteorological Centre predicted heavy to torrential rainfall from Sunday to 8:00 am Monday in much of southern China. Extremely heavy to extraordinary downpours are expected in certain areas, including southern Fujian. The highest level of alert was placed in several provinces for flash flooding. Local governments should pay special attention to construction sites, mountain-river areas, valleys and bridges. Hong Kong's?Observatory reported on Sunday that the typhoon was weakening while it moved further inland. It also noted that gale-force southwesterly wind continues to?affect parts of the city. The authorities in the Asian financial center downgraded Typhoon Signal No. 8 to Signal No. At 12:40 p.m. on Sunday, authorities in the Asian financial hub downgraded Typhoon Signal No. 3 at 12:40 pm on Sunday. The storm alert was raised to the second highest Typhoon Signal No. 9 overnight. The storm was only 80 miles (50 km) from Hong Kong when it passed. The Hong Kong airport authorities announced that flight operations will slowly resume on Sunday afternoon, after being suspended in large part for over 12 hours.
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Southern China is soaked as Typhoon Noul hits land
Typhoon Noul hit southern China early on Sunday, bringing with it 'heavy rains and gale force winds in the Guangdong province and neighbouring Hong Kong. This led to the cancellation of flights at Hong Kong International Airport. Noul, or the glow of sunrise in Korean, is the third typhoon to hit China in this month and the 12th in the Pacific this year. Authorities said that it has forced more than 340,000 people to relocate in Guangdong Province. Hong Kong's?Observatory reported on Sunday that the typhoon was weakening while it moved further inland. It added that strong?gales continued to affect?much? of the city. The Observatory has issued an Amber Rainstorm Warning due to heavy rains and warned residents of flash floods. The Observatory said that rain exceeding 30 mm an hour (1.2 inches) has fallen, and it is expected to continue. The Asian financial hub upgraded the storm alert from Typhoon Signal No. 9 to Typhoon Signal No. Early on Sunday, as the storm approached Hong Kong within 80 km (50 miles), authorities in the Asian financial hub raised the alert to Typhoon?Signal No. At 7:10 am Saturday morning (2310 GMT), the storm was downgraded to Signal?No. Typhoon 'Signal?No. The observatory said that the Typhoon?Signal No. 8, which closes most businesses and transport routes, would be in effect until at least noon. The airport authorities have announced that flight operations will resume gradually after Sunday evening at 6:00 pm.
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Iran claims that a Ukrainian vessel attacked in the Caspian Sea has killed a sailor
Iran's Foreign Ministry condemned on Saturday an attack by Ukraine on a commercial Iranian vessel in the Caspian Sea. It said that a resulting explosion killed one sailor and injured another. Throughout the Ukraine war, Kyiv had to combat drones designed by Iran that were deployed by Moscow. Kyiv offers its drone intercepting expertise to Middle East countries that have been hit by?Iran. Tehran called the attack on the Iranian vessel an act of aggression, and said it would defend national security and interests. It also accused Kyiv of trying to escalate the conflict in Ukraine. The Iranian denial coincided with the comments of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy, who said that Kyiv noted Russia's passing on of its'satellite observation in?the Middle East' to Iran in order to allow it to direct attacks in the region. Zelenskiy said earlier that Ukraine's military forces had struck a Russian ship and vessels transporting military cargo with ties to Iran in the Caspian Sea. In a series of?remarks on X, the Ukrainian president said that Kyiv has been recording since July 1 "active Russian satellite monitoring of the gulf states and U.S. Military facilities there." These images then appear in Iran." Zelenskiy stated that "there is a correlation between the Russian satellite imagery of the sites and the Iranian strikes - both before they were launched, as a 'preparation,' and afterwards, when assessing the damage done." He claimed that on July 19 and 20, he had observed four air bases, two in Bahrain, Jordan, and Kuwait. Reporting by Enas Alashray in Cairo, Editing by Ron Popeski and Rod Nickel
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Houthis attack Saudi oil sites, but no US strikes on Iran for the first time in two-weeks
Yemen's Houthi militants, who are aligned with Iran, fired on Saudi oil facilities in two ports along the Red Sea Coast on Saturday. However, the U.S. did not launch air strikes against Iran for the first time in two weeks. Washington did not explain why it abruptly stopped a 13-night streak of escalating attacks in retaliation of Iranian attacks on ships in the Strait of Hormuz after an interim agreement to end hostilities failed. Hossein Kirmanpour, spokesperson for the Health Ministry, said on X: "It appears that our dear Iran enjoyed a peaceful sleep last night." No reports were made on Saturday about attacks by Iran against its Gulf neighbours like the ones that have been reported daily as a response to U.S. strikes. Axios cited two unidentified people familiar with the issue to report that Donald Trump had instructed the military on Friday not to launch any new attacks against Iran. The Pentagon and White House didn't?return any messages seeking comments on the pause of air strikes or the Axios Report. Trump stated on Friday that the U.S. was in talks with Iran to end their conflict but reiterated that Tehran wasn't ready to make a deal. The Gulf is quiet, but the fighting between Iran's Houthi and Saudi Arabia could indicate that the conflict, which has already disrupted the energy supply through the Strait Of Hormuz and Yemen's civil war, will spread to another major shipping route. WAR THREATENS SPREADING TO YEMEN Yahya Saree, the Houthi's military spokesperson, said that the group had struck successfully sites owned by Saudi Aramco at Jizan and Yanbu. A video shared on social media, and confirmed by, showed a column of smoke rising in the direction of Aramco's refinery in Jizan. Two Asia-based sources reported that they were informed of "potential damage" to the fuel and oil storage facilities at Jizan. Aramco has not responded to requests for comments. According to Greek security sources, in Yanbu, two missiles fired at oil installations by the Greek army were intercepted using a Patriot battery made by the U.S. military and operated by it in Saudi Arabia under an agreement signed with Riyadh. Yanbu, Saudi Arabia's Red Sea port, is where millions of barrels of oil are loaded every day. It has also become the main route for Saudi oil to bypass the Strait of Hormuz which Iran has blocked. Jizan is a Red Sea refinery that can produce 400,000 barrels of oil per day. It's located near the Yemeni border. Yemeni officials reported that the air force of Saudi-backed and internationally recognised government in Yemen, which has been fighting the Houthis since more than a century, had?struck Houthi launch sites for missiles and drones and weapons depots' in the Marib ad al-Jawf Provinces. The Saudi-led alliance had earlier claimed that it bombed Houthi positions in the Red Sea Port of Hodeidah on Friday. Officials in Yemen said that both sides of the civil war in Yemen are mobilising their forces on the front. SAUDI?COALITION ATTACKS HODEIDAH Saudi Arabia has been leading an Arab coalition fighting against the Houthis since more than a century, when the fighters aligned with Iran captured Yemen's capital Sanaa. Since 2022, the Yemeni civil war has been on hold. During this time, hundreds of thousands of people have died in fighting and from famine. This truce ended this month when the Houthis joined the larger war that their Iranian allies are waging since they were attacked by Israel and the U.S. Houthis have declared a naval blocade against Saudi Arabia in the last week. Abdul Malik al-Houthi, Houthi leader, said that all Saudi oil installations could be targeted. Brent crude oil prices rose above $100 per barrel this week for the first since May. Trump said on Friday that he would "impose major military punishment" against Tehran and the Houthis, after they attacked two Saudi tankers at the Red Sea. Two weeks ago, an interim truce intended to end the war collapsed when U.S. forces struck targets in southern Iran as a response to Iranian disruption of the shipping in the Strait of Hormuz. Trump has recently threatened to expand the list of targets, including Iran's bridges and energy plants, to send ground forces into its oil hub, Kharg Island. He also said he would bomb Pickaxe Mountain, a nuclear-linked deep-underground site. Trump, however, said on Friday that he hadn't yet decided whether to launch any major new strikes.
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Kremlin calls attacks on Kazakhstan's Caspian Pipeline Consortium terrorism
Dmitry Peskov, Kremlin spokesperson, was quoted on Saturday as saying that the suspected Ukrainian attacks on facilities connected to 'Kazakhstan Caspian Pipeline Consortium' amounted "energy terrorism", aimed at Kazakhstan and Russia. Kazakhstan announced on Thursday that it had cut oil production after suspected Ukrainian drone strikes forced the CPC-operated Black Sea export terminal to close. Peskov was quoted by RIA as saying: "This is clear energy (terrorism), this is what they are doing in 'the Black Sea, in 'the Sea of Azov". These are terrorist acts, international terrorist acts, which could be extremely dangerous. RIA reported that he said the attacks were aimed at the United States because 'the consortium has a U.S. shareholder. The suspension of the CPC pipeline's loadings, which exports a little over 2% of world oil, is adding to the global oil worries already exacerbated by the war in Iran, which has disrupted Saudi Arabian and other Gulf producers. (Reporting and Editing by Louise Heavens).
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Modi's aura is tarnished by India's Instagram generation Z ahead of state elections
Prime Minister Narendra Modi posted a rare video of himself, expressing his pain at the suffering of India's Cockroach Janta Party leaders. He promised to take remedial measures. The video posted late Thursday night?on Instagram where CJP had amassed 22 millions mainly Gen Z fans in just a few days in May was not enough for the thousands of demonstrators who gathered in central Delhi and braved an intense police crackdown a couple of days before, inspiring protests throughout the country. The education minister resigned on Saturday in response to the main protesters' demand. This was a rare setback for Modi. Dharmendra Pradhan's resignation as Education Minister is a major victory for the CJP. Their young supporters openly mocked Modi with raps, posters and graffiti. This was an unthinkable event only a few weeks ago in a nation whose politics have been dominated almost exclusively by Modi ever since he took power in 2014. Sanjay Srivastava is an anthropology professor from SOAS University of London. He said that a large number of those who attended the protest were likely his supporters. "What could be interpreted as an achievement is that a much wider cross-section is now questioning the government. A wider group of people are now questioning the notion that the government is good for the nation. Analysts said that the protests were sparked by a leaked exam for medical entrance. But there are also other issues, including youth unemployment, and fears among young people that AI might take away their jobs at places like India's IT back offices. Amitabh TIwari, a political analyst, said that the paper leak was a "trigger point". It is largely the result of the "anxiety, nerves, discontentment, frustration, and anger" among youth. Rajnath Singh, Modi's senior Ministerial Colleague, said that the Government's "top priorities remain to understand and address our students' concerns promptly, as well as ensure they are aware of their voices being heard". GOVERNMENT IS OUT OF TOUCH with what Gen?Z wants, analyst says Tiwari stated that Indians between 18 and 40 years old make up approximately 40% of the population, but only 10% of seats are held in the lower chamber of Parliament, a decrease from the more than doubled number in 1950. The average age of the cabinet is over 60. The CJP, though not a political group, has tried to take advantage of the opportunity they saw in the recent protests against Modi by supporting the students' cause. Next year, the first test of youth anger will be the elections in Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and Modi’s home state Gujarat. Both Gujarat and Uttar Pradesh are run by the BJP. If the CJP becomes a political party, the biggest risk to?Modi would be the national elections in 2029. Abhijeet Dimple, its founder, said that no decision has been taken yet about joining electoral politics. Analysts claim that young voters have voted largely along religious or class lines in the past, which has benefited Modi's Hindu-nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party. Things may be changing. A Gen Z actor, who ran for his party and was allied with the opposition parties, was elected as chief minister of Tamil Nadu in the southern state. His Instagram-first fan base was a major factor. Anurag Minus verma, an author, said: "This is a moment of reckoning for Modi. It shows that he's completely out of touch with Gen Z." "For many years, the BJP’s digital strategy has been centered on platforms such as X, where most of the political discussion took place. But the conversation is increasingly moving to Instagram, especially among younger users. The BJP, which claims to be the largest political party in the world, has only 10 million Instagram fans in the last few years. This is less than half of what the CJP achieved in a matter of days. The BJP is followed by 23 million people on X, and 18 million people on Facebook. Modi has a massive following on all three platforms, ranging between 60 and 107 millions. Santosh Desai, a columnist, said: "You must have a certain authenticity to use Instagram." "Pre-laboured and carefully massaged messages will not work. This medium was developed by this generation, and it is what it is today because of them. "This generation does not reverence anything." Modi's government has been resisting the pressure to sack ministers for a decade. Modi had to face protests from Indian farmers for almost a year in order to repeal controversial farm laws. Tiwari stated that "a leader who is willing to listen will do well in the future." Modi wants to demonstrate this. Reporting by Tora Aggarwala in New Delhi and Krishna N. Das Editing by Gareth Jones
Welcome to the 'New Russia:' How the Kremlin remade occupied Ukraine
Black smoke, burning tracks and blazing trains
The footage posted by Ukrainian fighters online documents their repeated sabotage attack on a vast rail system being constructed by Russia in the occupied territory of Ukraine. Their efforts aren't enough to stop the rapid industrial expansion of Moscow.
Orest, a Ukrainian fighter operating behind enemy lines, in the Donetsk Region, uses his military call sign for reasons of security. He said that the railroad was hundreds of kilometers long. "We're not all-powerful, unfortunately."
According to the Kremlin these occupied areas represent "Novorossiya", New Russia. It's a hive of activity.
A new investigation found that while Moscow is waging a brutal war against Ukrainian forces in the west, the country has been pouring hundreds and millions of dollars in a years-long aggressive buildup of transport and trading infrastructure in areas it?has captured to the east and south.
Reporting shows that the spending spree dwarfs other Russian regions' development funds and facilitates transport of troops, military equipment, grain, and mineral resources. Moscow also has a long-term objective in mind with the construction projects: to weave the seized territory into Russia. This includes the Donbas region, whose fate is at the center of the U.S.-backed peace talks.
Reporting provides the first detailed picture of how Russia-held Ukraine is changing under occupation. This analysis is based on the analysis of thousands satellite images, official Russian documents, public statements, freight and export data, and interviews with over three dozen Ukrainian officials.
Volodymyr Zelenskiy, Ukrainian president, used Crimea to illustrate the Russian infrastructure building in occupied territories. He said that the Russian investments in Crimea are only a "facade", and don't actually benefit the residents of the Ukrainian Peninsula, which Moscow annexed in 2014. In an interview, he stated that "it doesn't seem like a modern resort." "It is all militarized." Zelenskiy’s office did not respond to an inquiry for comments on the findings of the investigation.
Officials at the White House said that President Donald Trump wants to stop the senseless killing and is doing everything he can to bring an end to the war.
Dmitry Peskov, Kremlin spokesperson, said that the four territories were an integral part and "subjects" of Russia. He added: "It's written in the Constitution of the Country."
The construction of the Novorossiya Railways System is already underway. This system includes a 525 km (326 mile) planned line that will be completed in 2023, one year after Russia invaded Ukraine. The route will span the regions Donetsk, Luhansk (which comprise the Donbas), Zaporizhzhia, and Kherson.
In the meantime, the Novorossiya highway is carving its way through those seized territory as part of an 1,400 km superhighway "Azov Circle" loop which will connect these regions with Russia and strategic Crimea.
Under the Russian flag, occupied Ukrainian ports on the Sea of Azov (which connects the Black Sea to the inland Sea of Azov) that were mostly inactive during the early years of the conflict have been reopened and renovated. Satellite images from last August show that a new facility, about the size of a football field, has been built on the docks of Mariupol city in Donetsk during the Russian occupation. A mountain of coal-looking material is also visible in the area.
Satellite analysis conducted by used a machine learning model to scan through thousands of radar and optical images in order to identify major construction. The analysis found that between 2022-2025, more than 2,500 km worth of roads, highways, and railroads were built, upgraded, or repaired in the four occupied territory and nearby Russian regions.
According to Karolina HIRD, a Washington-based national security fellow with the Institute for the Study of War, the Kremlin's investment in infrastructure and its long-term nature show that it has no intention of returning the territories as part of a future peace agreement.
She said that "the way Russia invests heavily in the industry and economy of occupied Ukraine so it can reap profit off the occupation also financially entangles Ukraine with Russia."
This is a bad news for Ukraine, and its European allies. They insisted on Moscow returning the captured land, and rejected U.S. demands that Kyiv cede the entire Donbas to the United States as part of a deal to end this four-year conflict.
Russian auction documents reveal that Moscow also has put up for sale dozens of valuable commodity assets located in occupied areas. Documents from the Russian state auction show that Moscow has also put dozens of prized commodity assets in the occupied?areas up for sale.
The Russian Transport Ministry and Novorossiya Railways - a Russian state enterprise established in 2023 for the purpose of overseeing rail construction and maintenance on occupied territory - did not respond to questions about the status of infrastructure projects.
Moscow is not shy about its claim on eastern Ukraine and the southeastern part of the country, or its desire to combine the two regions into what it calls the motherland. Vladimir Putin also has big plans for the "Novorossiya", a term that refers to Russia's imperial past, which modern nationalists have adopted.
According to an online analysis of data from the government, Russia has allotted about $11.8 billion in federal cash between 2024-2026 to develop four occupied territories of Ukraine as part of its program of priority national development projects. The data show that this is nearly three times more than the money allotted to 20 other federal regions for similar projects.
Putin's vision for the territories was outlined in a speech he gave on the 30th of September to mark the third anniversary since their "reunification". The president claimed that the regions suffered from decades of neglect and the effects of war. He said that Russia has built 6,350 km worth of roads in the region over the past three years.
"A large-scale socio-economic program has been launched. It is essentially a programme of revitalizing our ancestral and historical Russian lands," declared?Putin.
Moscow controls about one fifth of Ukraine. This includes the majority of four regions, Donetsk Luhansk Zaporizhzhia, and Kherson. It has also formally claimed that all four regions are part of Russia.
Ukraine and its Western partners have condemned Russia's move towards annexing the territories as an illegal land grab.
According to the local and Moscow authorities, vehicles and trains transporting people and goods into and out of Ukraine can already circumvent the Crimean Bridge. The bridge was Russia's sole road and rail connection to Crimea. It allowed the transportation of troops, fuel, and equipment via the peninsula. The bridge has been a major chokepoint in the Russian military and commercial flows. Ukrainian strikes have caused delays and disruptions.
Vadym Skibiskyi, deputy head of Ukraine's HUR Military Intelligence Agency, which has been tracking enemy activity, said that the Russians were focusing on building up supply chains to support the war effort.
Infrastructure is the most important issue for Russians. "It is the transport infrastructure," said he.
SATELLITE IMAGERY REVEALS NEW RAILWAY
According to online statements made by Novorossiya Railways in August of last year and the Russian Rail Watchdog, since 2023 Russia has spent $425 million for the construction and maintenance the railway network within the occupied territory.
According to the official Russian media outlet, the centrepiece project is a main line connecting southern Russia with Crimea via occupied territories. The full cost was not specified.
Satellite images taken between July 2023 to November 2025 show the gradual process of a new section of line being laid. This 60-km link between the towns Novoselivka, Kolosky, and Donetsk Region, north of Mariupol.
An official of the Ukrainian intelligence service who monitors Russian activities said that this connection was an example of Russia building new rail connections further away from the front lines, at a safe distance from potential Ukrainian strikes, in order to deliver ammunition and military vehicle to its troops. Couldn't determine whether the line was in operation.
State tender documents reveal that the Russian roads program also absorbs hundreds of millions of dollar, with the Novorossiya Highway Project leading this charge.
According to Russia's official procurement website, 20 tenders totaling more than $214 millions have been awarded contractors. These projects are diverse, ranging from engineering studies to bridge maintenance. The Russian Transport Ministry announced late last year an additional $123 million will be spent on roads in 2026.
UKRAINE OFFICIAL : IT'S LIKE CRIMEA BUT FASTER
It is a mixture of upgraded and new roads that connects existing highway stretches. According to the Russian federal road agency and ministry of transport, it will cover 630 km when finished. The date of completion has not been announced.
Satellite imagery shows the construction of new bridges and interchanges as well as the enlargement of roads.
According to an analysis, road crews have finished the majority of a 100-km section between Taganrog (in southwestern Russia) and Manhush (in occupied Donetsk). The analysis also shows that Russia is building a new major bypass road around Mariupol which was levelled by early war fighting.
The Novorossiya Highway is the leg of the Azov Ring that connects the occupied territories. Officials in Russia say that they intend to finish the highway by 2030. It will connect Rostov on Don in Russia to Mariupol, Donetsk as well as cities in Zaporizhzhia or Crimea.
Olha Kuryshko, Ukraine's representative to Crimea is responsible for monitoring the rights and welfare of Ukrainians who live there. Kuryshko says that Russia is accelerating its efforts to build economic infrastructure across eastern and southern Ukraine, just as it did with Crimea.
After annexing Crimea in 2014, Moscow embarked upon a number of ambitious projects, including a 19-km road span and two power plants to ensure stable electricity for the peninsula.
Kuryshko said that, based on his analysis, "the?Russians" have achieved as much in the three years they've occupied these new territories as in the 10 years they occupied Crimea. She added, "They have done it so quickly, spent so many dollars, and taken everything to the next level from what they did before in Crimea." "Crimea served as their training ground."
KREMLIN COMMANDERS UKRAINE'S PORKS
Russia is also moving to reclaim the occupied Ukrainian ports on the Sea of Azov. The Sea of Azov is a shallow inland waterway that borders Russia and Ukraine, connecting to the Black Sea via the Kerch Strait. Since centuries, the Sea of Azov is a major trading route.
Kyiv has condemned the addition of Mariupol and Berdiansk in the Azov Sea to a list of Russian ports that are open to international ships. The canals that lead to both hubs have been widened and deepened, allowing larger ships to pass through them again. These projects are part of the construction tenders worth over $13 million for the two Russian ports that have been listed on the Russian government procurement website since 2023.
The port, according to two dock workers who requested anonymity and spoke about the port's recent growth, has been significantly busy in recent months. They said that vessels are arriving and departing loaded with grain or coal. However, activity is still below the pre-war level.
According to an analysis of LSEG vessel tracking data, between July and November last, 18 cargo ships operated by Russian and other companies were recorded leaving Mariupol and Berdiansk ports. The majority headed for Turkish ports. We couldn't tell what the vessels were transporting. The Turkish authorities have not responded to our request for comments on these journeys.
LSEG data shows that in 2024, there were no ships entering or leaving the two ports.
The Russians extract valuable natural resources in the occupied territories.
Russian customs data provided by an export data provider shows that, between March 2022 to March 2025 at least 508,500 tons of coal and coke, worth $13.2million, were exported from occupied areas. According to data, the main buyers of Ukrainian coke during this period were trading firms from Turkey and United Arab Emirates. According to the data, coal was also sold to companies in India and Indonesia as well as Egypt and Algeria.
Indonesia's Foreign Ministry said that the country's trading relations are transparent and it imports coal, among others, from Russia, Australia, and China. The other countries that are the destination of coal imports did not respond to any requests for comment.
GOLD MINING IN EASTERN UKRAINE
Moscow also expanded its control over natural resources in the seized Ukrainian territory via state auctions.
According to documents reviewed by the public auctions, state online auctions are selling dozens of assets, including mines, quarries, farmland, and more. The rights to extract sandstone from Luhansk's four mines, as well as crushed stone, chalk, and granite, have been sold.
The rights to develop the Bobrykivske Gold Mine in Luhansk has been one of the largest sales so far. According to the documents of sale, it was purchased for $9.7million by Alchevskpromgroup which is owned by Russian mining company Polyanka. Polyanka mainly develops mines at the far east of Russia.
Bobrykivske’s reserves consist of about 1.64 tonnes of gold. This would be worth nearly $260 million at current spot prices based on the documents.
Korab Resources, an Australian mining company, had been developing the site. Korab Resources had been developing the site in the past. But the Australian mining company stopped its work when the area became seized by Russian-backed rebels. This made it impossible for Korab to gain access to the region which was under Western sanctions.
Satellite images taken in September of the deposit showed tire tracks around the site. Karpinski said that the site had been in operation since June 2024 when asked to compare images taken then with those from September. He pointed out an excavator that appeared in the main pit, and shipping containers at the base of the stockpile.
Alchevskpromgroup and Polyanka did not respond to any questions regarding the sale of Bobrykivske and whether or not work has begun on the site.
Hird of the Institute for the Study of War said that occupying a large area of land comes with significant costs. She added that Russia's ability harness the natural resources and industrial potential of these regions could be important for its finances. These have been severely affected by the war effort as well as international sanctions.
Hird stated that "that can start tipping scales to the point where occupation becomes profitable for Russia." Reporting by Anastasiia Melenko, FilippLebedev, GlebStolyarov and Mari Saito. Additional reporting by PolinaNikolskayaDevitt, Marian PrysiazhniukMarine Delrue, Dan Flynn and PravinChar.
(source: Reuters)