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Is it the end for Russian gas supplies to Europe by means of Ukraine?

Russia is still pumping natural gas to Europe via the battle zone in Ukraine. Why?

WHERE DOES THE PIPE GO?

The Soviet-era Urengoy-Pomary-Uzhgorod pipeline brings gas from western Siberia by means of Sudzha in Russia's Kursk area. It then streams through Ukraine in the direction of Slovakia.

In Slovakia, the gas pipeline is divided, one of the branches goes to the Czech Republic, the other to Austria. The primary purchasers of gas are Hungary, Slovakia and Austria.

About 14.65 billion cubic metres (bcm) of gas was provided via Sudzha in 2023, or about half of Russian gas exports to Europe. EU gas consumption fell to 295 bcm in 2023.

Sudzha, just over the border from Ukraine, is the focus of extreme fights between Ukrainian and Russian forces. It is unclear who controls the town.

Gazprom's gas metering point Sudzha is located a few miles out of the town, closer to Russian-Ukraininan border.

Russia's Gazprom said it would send out 39.6 million cubic metres( mcm) of gas to Europe via Ukraine on Monday compared to 39.3 mcm on Sunday.

JUST HOW MUCH DOES RUSSIAN SUPPLY TO THE EU?

Russia utilized to supply a little under half of the European Union's gas before the 2022 Ukraine war. But Europe has turned away from Russian gas while yet unusual attacks on the Nord Stream pipeline have minimized Russian supplies.

Russian gas has been replaced by melted gas (LNG). imports: the United States has increased its slice of the EU gas. market to 56.2 bcm in 2023 from 18.9 bcm in 2021 while Norway. grew its share to 87.7 in 2023 from 79.5 bcm in 2021. Other. suppliers were North African countries, Britain and Qatar.

Nobody has taken duty for the September 2022 Nord. Stream blasts, which occurred off the Danish island of Bornholm. and burst 3 out of 4 lines of the system that delivers. Russian gas to Europe.

Russia says that the United States and Britain lagged. the blasts but has actually presented not proof. The New York City Times. and The Washington Post have reported that Ukraine - which has. repeatedly denied involvement, was behind the attack.

Russia supplied a total of around 63.8 bcm of gas to Europe. by various routes in 2022, according to Gazprom information and Reuters. computations. That volume decreased, by 55.6%, to 28.3 bcm last. year.

At their peak in 2018-2019, annual circulations to the European. area reached in between 175 bcm and 180 bcm.

WHY DOES RUSSIA STILL SEND OUT GAS BY MEANS OF UKRAINE?

About half of Russia's natural gas exports to Europe go. through Ukraine.

The primary reasons are cash and history.

Gazprom, which holds about 16% of international gas reserves and. employs almost half a million people, was when one of Russia's. most effective business empires - so effective it was called a. state within the state.

However it has actually fallen on difficult times due to the loss of the. European gas market.

The business plunged to a bottom line of 629 billion roubles in. 2023, its first annual loss in more than twenty years, amid. decreasing gas trade with Europe, once its primary sales market.

Ukraine, once an essential part of the Soviet Union, likewise. generates income from the transit.

WILL THE TRANSIT CONTINUE?

In December 2019, Moscow and Kyiv signed a long-lasting. five-year contract for the transit of Russian gas through Ukraine:. 45 bcm in 2020 and 40 bcm per year in 2021-2024. The agreement. on Russian gas transit to Europe through Ukraine expires in. 2024, and Kyiv has said it has no intent of extending it or. concluding a new offer.

Russia is all set to continue gas products to Europe by means of. Ukraine after the current transit agreement expires at the end. of 2024, Russian state news firms reported last month, citing. Deputy Prime Minister Alexander Novak.

In May 2022, Ukraine stopped receiving transit gas through. the Sokhranovka station with a capacity of 30 million cubic. meters per day, pointing out force majeure and proposing to transfer. all transit volumes to Sudzha.

The only other operational pipeline path to Europe is. Turkstream under the Black Sea.

(source: Reuters)