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Experts say China's efforts to use green energy in AI projects face hurdles.

China's efforts to increase renewable energy for its rapidly expanding AI data centre sector are running into obstacles. Industry experts warn that it is difficult to forecast peak demand and grid operators do not want to take on additional risk.

In China's work report for 2026, released earlier this summer, the government highlighted that ensuring reliable electricity is a priority. It also pledged a stronger integration of computing infrastructure with power supply networks.

An ambitious plan is a key component of this effort to direct more green?electricity into the rapidly expanding data centre industry. The authorities aim to have renewables supply four-fifths (from just 11%) of the total electricity consumption in the data centre sector by 2030.

According to Pei Shapeng, director of the Chinese power company State Power Investment Corp., China's data centers are expected to increase their electricity consumption by 300 billion to 500 billion kilowatt hours between 2026 to 2030. This represents 18% of overall growth in total demand.

The estimate's lowest range is equivalent to the UK?s entire annual electricity consumption.

Despite the booming demand from China's data centers, this sector is not a good fit for green energy providers, especially compared to traditional energy-intensive industries like aluminium smelting. This is because its peak demands are harder to predict.

Pei, speaking at a conference on the industry in Beijing last Thursday, said that "at least for now they don't appear to be very versatile (in managing energy demand)."

We understand that data centres cannot adjust their power consumption loads very much. Once GPUs have been purchased, operators will want to use them quickly and intensively.

He said that the move to increase green power usage by data centres was more about reducing emissions than it was about lowering electricity prices.

Grid operators may also be reluctant to adopt a wider range of "direct green-power connections" to data centres. They are concerned that electricity sales will decline, and it would become harder to recover large investments made in transmission and distribution infrastructure.

Experts say that China's fast-tracked rollout of data centres has already begun to strain the power sector, increasing average and peak grid loads and forcing operators balance rising demand with reliability risks.

Wang Zelin is deputy director of State Grid Jibei Electric Power Research Institute. He said that if 15% of the power consumption load can be reduced, this will reduce the capacity expansion pressures on the grid in the next 3 to 5 years. (Reporting and editing by Eduardo Baptista and Che Pan; Miyoung Kim, Shri Navaratnam and Miyoung Kim)

(source: Reuters)