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Sources say that STS transfers have helped to boost Russian Arctic oil exports from China.

According to traders and Vortexa data, Russia's Arctic Oil exports to China will rise dramatically this month. This is due to a surge in ship-to -ship transfers on the seas to ensure that tankers arriving at ports are not listed as U.S. sanctioned ships.

In January, the U.S. imposed broader sanctions on all crude oil tankers such as ARCO, Novy Port, and Russian producer Gazprom.

According to traders and Vortexa Senior Analyst Emma Li, to avoid the curbs, STS transfers of cargoes take place in international waters near Singapore and Malaysia, where cargoes will be loaded onto Very Large Crude Carriers that aren't subject to sanctions, before heading to Chinese ports.

Li estimated that at least 4 million barrels Arctic oil finished STS last month and 16 millions more are arriving, or will arrive in the South China Sea, this month.

She added that China's Arctic Oil imports have risen due to the abundance of oil. However, the final volume will depend on logistical hurdles and whether Chinese refiners show interest in buying it.

Gazprom, the Russian oil exporter, did not respond immediately to a request for a comment.

Vortexa reports that China imported Arctic oil from Russia at an average of 25,000 barrels a day (bpd) in March.

China has stated that it is opposed to unilateral sanctions imposed by the United States and other countries in order to curb Russian, Iranian and Venezuelan energy revenues.

According to one trader STS transfers have been used because Chinese buyers are wary about secondary sanctions, and willing to pay more for STS cargoes.

Kpler data show that the VLCC Atila, for example, loaded 2,07 million barrels ARCO in March from two tankers sanctioned in Singapore waters and delivered the cargo in April to China's Dongying port in eastern Shandong Province.

Atila has previously been involved in STS transfers of Iranian oil.

Arctic grades, ARCO, Novy Port and Varandey, are produced in Russia’s northern regions where harsh winter weather impacts production and oil project investments require huge investment.

It is difficult to track the exports of these grades because they are usually shipped from oilfields into floating storage in Murmansk, and then sent to end users.

The STS adds to the shipping costs. The North Sea Route to China (NSR), the shorter route, is closed until July.

One trader stated that the route was very expensive and long. "The only solution is to evacuate the barrels."

The traders stated that light Arctic oil was offered at a discount to Brent benchmark prices. Previously, it had been sold at a premium.

Some of the Arctic oil cargoes will not be able to find a new home anytime soon, as they are currently being stored on vessels.

LSEG data shows that the tanker Fast Kathy, for example, loaded Arctic oil at Murmansk in March and has been cruising off Port Said (Egypt) since April 9.

Traders said that India, which was previously the largest buyer of Arctic oil due to sanctions has reduced purchases. Traders said that the majority of Arctic oil sold to India by Litasco is Varandey, supplied by Russia's Lukoil.

Lukoil didn't immediately respond to our request for comment.

The Indian authorities have banned a tanker, carrying a cargo of Russian crude oil, from conducting an STS operation near the port of Mumbai.

Myanmar and Syria are also Arctic oil buyers. Myanmar received its first shipment of Arctic oil earlier this year.

(source: Reuters)