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Underwater sabotage suspected in Baltic Sea

A Finnish court denied a release request of an oil tanker that police suspected of damaging four telecommunications cable and an underwater power line in the Baltic Sea.

This was not the first time that underwater critical infrastructure in Baltic Sea has been damaged in a suspicious manner. NATO and the Baltic Sea nations have stepped up their presence in this area.

A number of police investigations are underway, but no suspects were brought to court.

DEC 2024 - POWER AND INTERNET CABLING

On December 25, four telephone lines and the Estlink 2 underwater power cable, which connects Finland to Estonia, were damaged.

Finland has launched a sabotage probe and on December 26th seized a Russian oil tanker on suspicion that it had caused damage by dragging the anchor.

The Cook Islands Eagle S, registered in Finland, was part of an "shadow fleet" that circumvented sanctions against Russian oil exports. The European Union condemned any deliberate destruction to Europe's infrastructure.

NATO announced on December 27 that it would increase its military presence in the Baltic Sea Region. The Kremlin stated the same day that it was not concerned about the seizure of the ship, and Russia had previously denied any involvement in such an incident.

On December 29, the Finnish police reported that they found tracks in the water where they suspect Eagle S to have damaged the cables.

On December 30, the owner of the Eagle S - Caravella LLC FZ based in the United Arab Emirates - filed a petition with the Helsinki District Court requesting the release of ship. The request was denied on January 3, 2025.

BALTIC TELECOM CABLES AVAILABLE NOV 2024

On November 17 and 18 two undersea fiber-optic communication cables, located at a distance of more than 200 km (over 100 nautical miles), were cut in the Baltic Sea. This raised suspicions about sabotage.

According to Lithuanian Telia Lietuva (part of Swedish Telia Company), a 218-km (135 mile) internet connection between Lithuania and Sweden’s Gotland Island went out of service around 0800 GMT on November 17.

Cinia, the Finnish cyber security and telecommunications company controlled by the Finnish government, said that a 1,200-km cable linking Helsinki to Rostock in Germany stopped working at around 0200 GMT November 18, 2018.

Investigators from the countries involved focused on the Chinese bulk carrier Yi Peng 3 which left the Russian Port of Ust-Luga in Nov. 15. An analysis of MarineTraffic showed that the coordinates of the ship matched the time and location of the breaches.

After a diplomatic standoff lasting a whole month, during which the ship was parked in the Danish shipping lanes, China finally allowed investigators and representatives from Germany as well as Sweden, Finland, and Denmark to board the Yi Peng 3 on December 21.

Swedish Foreign Minister Maria Malmer Stenergard stated on December 23 that China had refused to heed the Swedish government’s request to have a prosecutor conduct the preliminary inquiry on board.

OCT 2023 - BALTICCONNECTOR PIPE AND FILTERS FOR GAS

The Balticconnector subsea pipeline that links Finland and Estonia beneath the Baltic Sea was cut by the Chinese container ship NewNew Polar Bear, according to Finnish investigators, when it dragged its anchor early in the morning of Oct. 8, 2023.

The Estonian Police suspects that the ship also damaged telecoms cables linking Estonia with Finland and Sweden between Oct. 7 and 8, before striking the gas pipeline while on its way to St Petersburg, Russia.

Estonian authorities claim that China did not fulfill its promise to Finland and Estonia regarding the investigation.

Investigators in Finland and Estonia have been unable determine whether damage was caused by the Hong Kong flagged vessel accidentally or intentionally. They have yet to provide their conclusions.

SEPT 2022 : NORD STREAM BLASTS

On September 26, 2022, Nord Stream 1 & 2 were damaged. They are two pipelines built by Russia’s state-controlled Gazprom across the Baltic Sea to transport natural gas from Russia to Germany.

Swedish seismologists recorded several subsea explosions that occurred 17 hours apart off the Danish Island of Bornholm. These blasts ruptured three of the four Nord Stream pipelines and released methane in the atmosphere.

Sweden's investigation found explosive residue on several recovered objects, confirming that it was an intentional act. However, Sweden and Denmark ended their investigations in 2024 without naming any suspects.

No one has accepted responsibility.

Vladimir Putin, the Russian president, has dismissed some Western officials' claims that Moscow blew its own pipelines.

Russia blames the United States of America, Britain, and Ukraine for these explosions that have largely isolated Russian gas from the European Market. These countries denied any involvement.

In August 2024 Germany requested that Poland arrest a Ukrainian diver instructor who was accused of being a member of a team which blew up Nord Stream Pipelines. Poland claimed that the man fled the country before being detained. Reporting by Anne Kauranen, in Helsinki; Nerijus Adomiaitis, in Oslo; Johan Ahlander, in Gothenburg; Stine Jacobsen, in Copenhagen; Andrius Sytas, in Vilnius, and Anna Ringstrom, in Stockholm. Editing by Andrew Cawthorne, and Timothy Heritage.

(source: Reuters)