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Sicily's Cyclone Harry tests Italian insurance requirements

* Insurance coverage for sea storm surges is not mandatory

Consumer confidence could be undermined by a case, warns regulator

EIOPA data shows that Italy has the largest gap in Europe between insurance coverage and catastrophe risks.

By Giselda Vagnoni

CATANIA (ITALY), July 23: A cyclone which caused more than EUR1billion ($1.14billion) of damage on Sicily's coastline has exposed Italy's push to expand mandatory insurance for natural disasters.

Many businesses were not covered for the risks that they faced in January when Cyclone Harry hit from Messina all the way to Syracuse. Some discovered that their policies covered earthquakes, flooding and landslides, but not storm surges or damage caused by cyclones.

"If I'm near the sea, I will insure against a?storm surge,?not a river flood," Luca Faro said, the owner of a restaurant located in the small town of San Giovanni Li Cuti.

Faro claimed he had suffered damages of about EUR400,000 to his windows, roofs, and refrigeration equipment as well as lost income for two months, yet received only EUR20,000 from the state and nothing from insurance, despite having a mandatory policy. It was introduced in Italy last year that businesses must have insurance on assets like equipment, buildings, and land. Those who do not opt-in could lose access to disaster assistance.

It is not unusual for small and medium sized businesses, which are the backbones of Italy's economic system, to rely on government assistance after climate-related catastrophes.

Unipol estimates earthquakes, flooding and storms will cost the Italian government around EUR7 billion per year. With the?public debt expected to be the highest in the Euro zone, Rome cannot afford to continue to pay for rising costs.

Sicily's Business Association called the financial fallout of Cyclone Harry "paradox", which will lead to thousands of companies receiving little or no compensation.

"Technically, businesses are insured, but they lack coverage in practice for the actual damage that has been incurred," said Marco Causarano. He is the head of the small-business lobby Confindustria, in the eastern city of Catania, Sicily.

Guenther Thallinger, Allianz's board member, said that mandatory insurance is "very,?rarely, a solution". Instead, the discussion should be focused on risk awareness and adaptation, as well as risk avoidance.

Scientists claim that a moist atmosphere and warmer seas linked to climate changes exacerbated the storm by increasing wind speed, rainfall, and coastal flooding.

The highest wave ever recorded by the Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, ISPRA, was 16.66 meters (55 feet) on January 20.

Catania's normally bustling beachfront is still plagued by damaged roads and shuttered businesses five months after the storm.

The aftermath of the cyclone could undermine trust in catastrophe insurance, just as the European Union pushes businesses and insurers to shoulder a larger share of climate-related loss.

A report from the Brussels-based think tank Bruegel found that EU weather and climate catastrophes cost EUR822 billion between 1980 and 2024. Of this amount, a quarter occurred in the past four years.

The report stated that only around 25% of the disaster losses in Europe were insured. Italy was behind many other European countries.

Adolfo Ulso, the Minister of Industry and Commerce, said that Italy had to protect itself from catastrophic events like Cyclone Harry which "had never been anticipated" before. He did not elaborate.

ITALY HAS ONE OF EU'S WIDEST PROTECTION GAPS

The EIOPA, the insurance regulator of the European Union, said that Italy had one of the largest gaps in the coverage for natural catastrophes and the risk associated with them.

Analysts said that the "protection gaps" will likely widen due to climate change, which is expected to bring stronger storms and more intense heatwaves in the Mediterranean.

Unipol reported that of the approximately EUR101 billion cumulative losses in Italy between 2014 and 2025, EUR18,7 billion were covered by insurers, and the remainder by the private sector and public sector.

Italy's mandatory insurance against natural disasters (Nat-Caf), is intended to close that gap. ANIA reported that although only 15% of Italy's 4.5 million business were insured by the end of 2025 coverage had doubled within a year.

Paolo Angelini is the head of Italy's insurance watchdog IVASS.

"Mandatory Insurance... marks a significant achievement?after 30 years' of botched efforts." Angelini stated in June that the standard contract only covers some risks and excludes others.

He added that a gap between the risk faced by companies and the insurance they purchase could weaken confidence in the industry, reduce take-up rates and make it harder to pool premiums.

Sicily's Business?Lobby claims that the problem is compounded because policy terms impose deductibles up to 15 percent and exclude business interruption. This leaves companies with a large portion of the damages as well as lost revenue.

If you want to cover your company for adverse weather conditions such as cyclones, storms, hurricanes and hail, then you will need a weather-related event policy. This does not include storm surges nor damage from rough seas.

"I paid EUR1,500 to the Nat-Caf, but only received the EUR20,000 contribution that the state?gave everyone," said Pinella?Alia, who runs a?Catania beach club, adding that she couldn't find an affordable storm surge policy.

Insurance gaps have implications that go beyond disaster recovery. Without reliable coverage, banks could be less willing than ever to lend. Investments may slow down and the pressure on government finances will increase.

Insurance companies are likely to increase premiums and reduce exposure in areas of high risk, fueling concerns about the emergence of "insurance deserts", such as those in California and Florida.

There had never before been a Cyclone Harry along the east coast of Sicily. Angelini, from IVASS, said that if it happens again within five years, insurance rates will rise.

(source: Reuters)