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American Airlines unions increase pressure on the board due to lagging profits

American Airlines has been lagging behind Delta Air Lines and United Airlines in terms of profitability for years. The unions of American Airlines are now turning this gap into an issue of governance, pressing directors to be accountable at the top.

The tensions have escalated in recent days. The pilots' association has urged the board of American Airlines to take "decisive actions" and requested a board meeting. Meanwhile, the flight attendants union issued a vote of no confidence in Robert Isom, the Chief Executive Officer, and demanded a leadership change.

Labor groups making public calls for a change in leadership outside of formal contract negotiations is unusual. The unions' demands are framed as an attempt to directly involve the board, by linking strategy and execution to reliability and financial performance.

The Association of Professional Flight Attendants, which represents American Airlines' flight attendants said that on Monday their board voted unanimously against the CEO of American Airlines.

The union claimed that the airline had fallen "dangerously" behind its competitors, and demanded "accountability and improved operational support as well as a change in leadership." The union plans to protest on Thursday outside American's headquarters, in Fort Worth, Texas.

Julie Hedrick, APFA president, said: "At the very end, we feel that our management team has failed us." "We do not want to be left with a business that is not competitive."

American refused to comment on the union votes, and in response'questions pointed out Isom's recent remarks to employees and investors outlining the turnaround strategies and emphasising accountability. Isom stated that American's turnaround plan should begin to show results by 2026 on the last quarterly earnings call. Last week, he reiterated the message during an internal leadership meeting. He said, "It begins with us." "2026 cannot just feel different. It must be different. American is trying to convince investors, through the unions, that investing in high-quality products, operational reliability and efforts to win corporate clients back and drive loyalty revenue will help it narrow its profit gap.

Delta's stock has gained 14% and United's about 12% over the past year.

PROFIT GAP FUELS PRESSURE

According to the company's results, American generated 352 million dollars in 2025 on a pretax adjusted basis, compared to Delta, which generated $5 billion, and United, who generated $4.6 billion.

American Airlines has attributed the?underperformance to exposure to a soft domestic market, wider economic uncertainty, and a federal shutdown that weighed heavily on bookings.

Union officials have linked worker frustration with the gap and lower profit-sharing payouts. APFA reported that some crew members only received $150 in profit sharing for 2025.

Isom said to employees in a town hall meeting last month that the profit-sharing was "meager", but that "if you break even that's what you get," according an audio recording.

Analysts at JPMorgan said that American's share of pretax profits for American, Delta, and United was just under 4% in 2025. However, the analysts expect this to increase to around 12% by 2026. Melius Research stated that the airline can "recapture earnings" in 2026 following a difficult 2025.

American also stated that it expected to reduce its debt to less than $35 billion by 2026. This is an year earlier than the previous target.

PILOTS PUSH BOARD ENGAGEMENT

The vote of no confidence was prompted by a letter sent last week by the board of the pilots' union urging the board at American to take "decisive actions" and warning the carrier that it remains on a "underperformance path" due to "persistent cultural, operational and strategic deficiencies." The union requested that Nick Silva be given the opportunity to present his concerns to the entire board. Isom promised to meet with the union as soon as he could and that the board would have discussed the request.

The union claimed that it has not received a response from directors, and Isom's reply "wasn't responsive" to their request for a meeting at the board level. The union said that, after several meetings with Isom's?executive staff over the last year, engaging with the entire board was the "necessary" next step.

EXECUTION UNDER STRAIN The latest flare-up comes after a winter storm in late January that caused?widespread cancellations of flights and tested American's system for recovery.

OAG, an aviation analytics company, found that American Airlines' reliability was below its key competitors in January. Southwest, Alaska Airlines and United Airlines were all ahead of American in terms of on-time performance. It also had the highest cancellation rates among these airlines.

The unions have described the disruption as "evidence" of deeper weaknesses in planning and execution. This framing is consistent with a larger?aviation pattern. The major operational failures have at times drawn attention beyond the day-to-day management. From Southwest Airlines' 2022 holiday disruption that prompted congressional hearings to airline CEOs requesting meetings with Boeing directors following Alaska Airlines' door plug incident in January of 2024.

Charles Elson is a retired University of Delaware Professor and Corporate Governance Specialist. He said that public calls for the removal of a CEO do not guarantee a leadership change. However, employee unrest could become a problem for an organization with a large customer base, and can be a warning to its board.

Elson stated, "When you have unhappy employees and your business is in contact with customers, you have a problem." (Reporting and editing by Matthew Lewis in Chicago, Rajesh Kumar Singh)

(source: Reuters)