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China's Iranian crude imports find brand-new market in northeast

Imports of Iranian crude have actually been flowing into the port and refining city of Dalian since late in 2015, tanker tracking companies and trading sources said, assisting sustain the country's purchases of the oil at near record levels.

The shift has actually happened as need for Iranian crude from little buyers in the independent refining hub of Shandong province has subsided in the face of deteriorating refining margins, squeezed by higher crude costs but weaker-than-expected fuel need, traders stated. They have actually been Iran's main purchasers in China since 2019.

Iran, including its oil, goes through U.S. sanctions, reinstated in 2018 over concerns about its nuclear program. But China did not stop buying Iranian oil, with margin-driven independent plants filling a vacuum left by sanctions-wary state companies, has reported.

Vortexa, a consultancy that tracks tanker flows, said 23 freights, or a total of 45 million barrels, of Iranian oil was released at Dalian in between October 2023 and June 2024.

It stated this included 28 million barrels released at Changxing island, about 85 km (53 miles) northwest of central Dalian.

Another consultancy, Kpler, estimated China imported 34 million barrels into Dalian throughout the same period.

The figures correspond to 124,000-164,000 barrels each day, approximately 13% of China's total Iranian oil imports throughout the initially half of 2024.

Experts approximate China imported 1.2-1.4 million bpd of Iranian crude during the period. Vortexa stated the imports hit a. record 1.52 million bpd last October.

When inquired about the Dalian imports, China's foreign. ministry informed that China and Iran have constantly. kept typical and genuine trade under the global. legal structure.

China states it opposes unilateral sanctions. Still, tanker. trackers and dealers say that traders rebrand Iranian oil. predestined for China as originating from in other places, such as. Malaysia, Oman or the United Arab Emirates.

Formally, Chinese custom-mades have actually not reported any imports of. Iranian oil given that June 2022.

There are 4 possible destinations for the Dalian. shipments - Hengli Petrochemical's 400,000-bpd refinery complex. and 44 million-barrel storage farm, two refineries run by. state-giant PetroChina, and a 30. million-barrel storage base run by the Liaoning Port. Authority at Changxing island.

There is no pipeline connecting the storage center to. refineries outside Dalian, traders said.

3 senior trading sources near Hengli said the. business bought at least some of the shipments.

Among the sources estimated Hengli had actually purchased 4. million barrels a month during the very first few months of 2024. Another stated the purchases were 4-6 million barrels a month.

Vortexa stated Hengli was a purchaser of Iranian crude deliveries,. based on its tanker tracking info and analysis.

A Hengli representative stated the company had not purchased. Iranian oil.

PetroChina, like China's other huge state crude purchasers,. stopped buying Iranian oil around 2018/2019, traders and other. industry experts have said.

PetroChina, Asia's biggest oil-and-gas producer, did not. react to a request for comment.

The Liaoning Port Group and its unit Liaoning Port Co Ltd. did not react to emailed requests looking for comment.

Before last October, Dalian, which accounts for 6% of. China's crude processing capacity, had received only sporadic. Iranian oil deliveries over the last few years, according to Vortexa and. Kpler.

Iranian oil is attractive to refiners due to steep discount rates. relative to similar Middle Eastern grades, such as Oman or. Murban, or Russia's primary export grade ESPO Blend.

(source: Reuters)