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What do we know about the Air India crash investigation?

Air India's fatal plane crash, which killed at least 271 people, has sparked a wave of speculation as to what caused the worst aviation disaster of the decade. However, authorities are narrowing their investigation areas.

Experts say that the Boeing 787 Dreamliner has an excellent safety record with no fatal accidents in its past.

What is known so far about the crash?

Visual Evidence

Investigators are examining a 59-second CCTV clip which clearly shows the takeoff of the plane and its crash from the Sardar Vallabhbhai patel International Airport, located in Ahmedabad City, Gujarat State.

The CCTV camera was on the left side of the runway, near a barbed-wire wall.

The video shows the Tata Group's Air India aircraft take off, gain some altitude, fly flat for a few seconds, then start descending with its rear down.

After take-off, the descent begins approximately 17 seconds later. When the plane starts to descend, there is no visible fire around the engine.

The landing gear is visible throughout the video.

The plane crashed into a massive fireball in just 33 seconds after wheels-up.

Where did the plane fall?

According to the Indian Aviation Ministry, pilots sent a "mayday call" to air traffic control at 1:39pm local time on Thursday. The pilots didn't respond when officials attempted to contact them.

After reaching a height of 650 feet, the plane began to lose height. The plane crashed into B.J. Medical College hostel nearby.

Images taken shortly after the incident show that the wheels of the aircraft were embedded in the wall, and debris, belongings, and clothing of students lay on the floor.

On the few tables left intact, there were still plates and tumblers with food on them.

On Friday, a strong smell of jet fuel was in the air as authorities removed charred debris and trees using cranes.

POSSIBLE CAUSES

Air India officials, along with scores of Indian government agents and investigators, have been on the crash site ever since Thursday. According to a direct source, no initial findings have yet been made, but investigators continue to look at three main possible issues.

Investigators are looking into any possible issues with engine thrust. This is the force that the engine produces to propel it through the air. Investigators also look at possible issues related to flaps. Investigation teams also included anti-terror squads.

Officials also assess why the landing gear remained open so long after takeoff. The investigation is not focused on a possible bird strike.

Sources added that officials were also investigating any possible fault of Air India including possible maintenance issues.

Where is the black box?

India's Aviation Ministry has confirmed that investigators and rescue workers have recovered the digital flight recorder, one of two black boxes in the plane, from the roof of the building where the jet crashed.

The cockpit voice recording, the second black box, is crucial for the investigation.

The Indian aviation regulator conducted additional maintenance on Air India's Boeing 787-8/9 equipped with GEnx engine, including a "one-time" check of the takeoff parameters prior to every flight departure from midnight June 15th.

Also, the airline was asked to perform engine fuel and electronic engine control checks.

(source: Reuters)