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Why is the Strait of Hormuz so important to oil?

After an incident that occurred?on?Tuesday, in which Iranian gunboats approached U.S. flagged tankers in the strategic waterway to the north of Oman, it has been brought back into focus.

The U.S. Military also announced on Tuesday that it had shot down a?drone? from Iran which "aggressively approached" its Abraham Lincoln aircraft carriers in the Arabian Sea. This is the most visible part in a U.S. buildup of military forces in the Middle East.

Analysts have said for years that an escalation of tension in the region may lead Tehran to try to close the strait, or target the tankers.

Here are some details on the Strait.

What is the STRAIT of HORMUZ?

The strait is located between Oman, Iran and links the Gulf of Oman in the north with the Arabian Sea to the south.

The shipping lane is only 2 miles (3km) wide either way.

Why does it matter?

The Strait is home to a fifth of the total world oil consumption.

Data from analytics firm Vortexa revealed that on average, more than 20 million barrels per day of crude oil, condensate, and fuels were transported through the Strait last year.

OPEC member Saudi Arabia, Iran and the United Arab Emirates export most of their crude oil via the strait to Asia.

Qatar, one of the largest LNG exporters in the world, ships almost all its LNG through this strait.

Both the UAE and Saudi Arabia are looking for alternative routes to bypass this strait. The U.S. Energy Information Administration estimated in June of last year that existing UAE and Saudi pipelines have unused capacity of about 2.6 million barrels a day (bpd), which could be used to bypass Hormuz.

Fifth Fleet of the United States, based in?Bahrain is tasked to protect commercial shipping in this area.

History of Tensions

Arab producers led by Saudi Arabia imposed an oil embargo in 1973 on Western supporters who supported Israel during its war with Egypt.

While Western countries used to be the biggest buyers of Middle East crude in the past, today Asia is the largest buyer?of OPEC crude with the U.S. being a major exporter and producer.

The Tanker War was a campaign between the two sides to disrupt the other's exports during the Iran-Iraq War of 1980-1988.

Iran threatened in January 2012 to blockade the Strait as a retaliation for U.S. sanctions and European sanctions. In May 2019, four vessels, including two Saudi oil tanks, were attacked near the UAE coast outside the Strait of Hormuz.

Iran seized three?vessels in the Strait of Hormuz, one in 2024 and two in 2023. Some of these seizures were made after the U.S. seized tankers that had been linked to Iran.

The U.S. attacked Iran's nuclear facilities last year. Iran was considering closing the strait. (Reporting and editing by Dmitry Zhdannikov, Ros Russell and Dmitry Zhdannikov. Additional reporting and editing by Marwa Rashed and Yousef Sabah; Additional reporting and Editing by Dmitry Zhdannikov, Ros Russell and Ahmad Ghaddar.

(source: Reuters)